General index
GENERAL INDEX
Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations and plates.
(See also the list of illustrations ix-xi).
All locations are in Kent unless specified otherwise.
Addington, long barrow 3, 4, 5, 7, 11,
18,20,22,35,36
Adscombe stones see Coldrum
Aelfric, Colloquy 209, 211,212
agriculture
at Goudhurst 64, 65, 66, 68-9
medieval 223
'Roundsman system' 68-9
Alcester (Warks.), samian stamps 138
Alice of Angouleme 49, 51, 54, 55, 56,
57,60
Ambrose, works by 180
Andrews, Dr Frank W.G., Nineteenthcentury
Sandwich 257-90
Anglo-Saxon
burial at Mill Hill 379
ditch and pit at Oaklands Nursery site
357
relics of archbishops 78, 82, 83, 84
sites in east Kent 205
whale remains and whaling 206, 208,
209-12,214,215
see also beads; combs; discs; pottery
Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 374
animal bone
cow 377
dog skeleton 108, 161
horse 378, 379
mammoth tusks and woolly rhinoceros
teeth 376
mole and shrew 114, 122,125, 128
pig 113, 114,128, 129
sheep/goat 377
animal bone (cont)
sites
Each End, Ash 105, 106, 108, 113,
128, 161
in east Kent, radio-carbon dates
377, 378, 379
Manston (Site 4/5) 234
Scotney Court 342, 350, 351, 352
see also antler; whale vertebrae
Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury 173,
183, 185, 186
antler, red deer 377, 379
antler (deer) objects 214-15
arrowheads, barbed and tanged 356, 357
Early Bronze Age from Each End 91,
94
Ash (-next-Sandwich)
amphora burial 136
earthen agger 102
population 277
see also Each End
Ashbee, Paul, Coldrum revisited and reviewed
1-43
Ashford
cattle market 268
railway 282
attorneys 320
Augustine, works by 175, 177-9, 181-3,
188-9
Augustinians, canons 79, 80, 84, 90
awl, bronze, Hoaden Bronze Hoard 369,
370
axe sharpening traces 17-18
383
GENERAL INDEX
axes
prehistoric, flint
from Julliberrie's Grave 36
Mesolithic tranchet from Each End
91,94
Bronze Age/Late Bronze Age, bronze
360, 361
socketed, Cleve Court Hoard 363,364
Hoaden Hoard 366, 368, 369
winged and flanged, Hoaden Hoard
366, 367, 368, 369, 371
bronze, unspecified date 225
Roman, iron 157, 158
Bagford, John 173
Bagshaw, Peter, The 1832 Poor Law
Commission's Answers to Rural
Queries: Goudhurst. A case study
of a Wealden parish 63-76
Bainbridge (N. Yorks.), samian stamps
137
Baker, Sarah, theatre owner 313-14
Barber, L., An early Romano-British saltworking
site at Scotney Court 327-53
barrows
Coldrum megalithic long barrow 1-43
Eythorne round barrow and tripled
ditch 378, 379
Manston (Sites 13, 20, 21, 22) 222, 225
Manston (Site 24), crop-mark (of
long barrow) 222-3
Manston (Site 25) 220
Manston (Site 29), cemetery 222
Medway 11, 18,20,33-4,35-6
see also Addington; Chestnuts; Fussell's
Lodge; Haddenham; Nutbane;
Warren Farm; Wayland's Smithy;
West Kennet
Basques, whaling 209, 211
Bates, Isaac, overseer at Goudhurst 66,
69, 72, 74
Battle Abbey, stranded whale 210
beads
Jutish(?), glass 'cane bead' 360, 361
Saxon 243
Bee monastery 175, 185, 187, 189
Bekesbourne, church 89
Belgic
enclosure 225
pottery 222, 224
Bennell, Maureen
'Swalecliffe Wastewater Treatment
Works' 375-6
'West Hythe Wastewater Treatment
Works' 375
Bennett, F.J. 1, 9-10, 15, 20-5, 21, 26,
31, 32, 34, 35, 42
Benwell (Northumb.), samian stamps
137, 138
Bertin, St., manuscript 188 n.41
Bethersden, church 89
bill (or axe head), iron socketed, Roman
157,158
Bilsington, Black (Augustinian) canons
90
bird bone 113, 114, 128, 129
Blakewase, stranded whale 210
Blickweiler (Germany), samian stamps
138
Boast, E. see Perkins, D.R.J,
bomb, World War II 223
bone see animal bone; bird bone; fish
bone; human remains
bone objects see combs; whale vertebrae
bowl, glass 159, 160-1,160
Brabourne, William 89
bracelets, Hoaden Bronze Hoard 369, 370
Bradbury, William, founder of watercress
beds 192-3, 196, 197, 198,202
Breeze, Andrew, 'The name of the river
Cray' 372-4
Brenchley, open parish 70
brick, Roman 150, 151
briquetage, Roman, Scotney Court 327,
331, 333, 334, 339-42, 349-50,
351,352
Broadstairs
population 260, 261
Roman remains at North Foreland
Avenue 355
Thanet Reach Business Park excavations
355
Bronze Age
Cleve Court Hoard of bronzes, Wilburton
phase 361-5
ditches at Oaklands Nursery Site 357
Hoaden Bronze Hoard, Late Bronze
Age 365-71
Late Neolithic-Early Bronze Age flint
artefact scatter 355
384
GENERAL INDEX
Bronze Age (cont)
Manston (Site 4/5) 228
ring ditches, radio-carbon dates 377, 379
see also arrowheads; awl; axes; bun
ingots; knife; palstaves; spearheads;
swords
bronze hoards see Cleve Court Hoard;
Hoaden II Bronze Hoard
bronze objects see axes; chisels; palstaves;
spearheads; swords; see also copper
alloy
brooches
bronze, Celtic equal-ended 360, 361
copper alloy, Roman, from Each End,
Ash 153-6
Broom Down, watercress beds 202
bun ingots, bronze, Hoaden Bronze
Hoard 366, 369, 371
burials
amphora burial, Roman 92, 112, 113,
136, 144, 147
box burial (box/casket cremation) 92,
113-14, 116, 120, 126, 128-30,
134
casket burials, Roman 129
cremations, Roman 91, 92, 102, 108,
109,110, 111-16,117, 119-28,
152, 157-8, 165-6, 225, 355
inhumation, and coffin 92, 116, 117,
118, 130, 152
radio-carbon dates 377-8, 379
button, cross-bar, Hoaden Bronze
Hoard, Late Bronze Age 369, 370
Caerleon (Gwent)
mosaic glass bowls 160
Roman cremation 115
Caerphilly Castle (Mid Glam.) 56, 60
Cambridge (Cambs.)
Augustine's commentary on the Psalms
(Trinity B.5.26 and B.5.28) 175,
181-3,182
Eadmer's manuscripts (Corpus Christi)
174, 175
Trinity manuscript (B.3.33) 178, 189
Trinity manuscript (B.3.5) 179-80
Trinity manuscript (B. 16.44), Collectio
Lanfranci 175, 181, 187
University Library manuscript
(Kk.1.23) 179-80
Canterbury
Archbishop's Palace 86
belt fittings 152
Cathedral Priory 77, 86
aqueduct 81
Archdeacon's house 81
Cattle Market 313
Christ Church Cathedral 205
manuscripts and scriptorium
173-89
whale bone waste from Precincts
213,214
church of Holy Cross by Westgate 88
coins from bath house 163
courts see Canterbury Courts
Cranmer House, Roman pottery 134,
135, 136
Eastbridge Hospital 86
grammar school 82-3
Marlowe car park, coins 163
Northgate church 90
population 298, 317
railways 276, 282, 284
road transport, 19th-century 281, 282
Roman pottery 150
Roman town 94, 101, 103, 103
St. Alphege's Church 83
St. Augustine's Abbey 77, 82, 84, 85,
90, 205
Outer Court 205
St. Dunstan's Church 90
St. Gregory's Priory (Northgate) 77-90
archbishop's legal office and treasury
85-7
canons 78-80, 83
daily life and visitation 87-8
foundation 78-80
foundation charter (13th-century
forgery) 77, 78, 81-3
new church 81
rebuilding and extension 81
relics 78, 82, 83-5
of Anglo-Saxon archbishops 78,
82, 83, 84
from Lyminge 78, 83-4
St. Gregory's Cartulary 81
seals 85
Treasury 86-7
St. John's Hospital (almshouse),
Northgate 78, 82, 87, 88, 90
385
GENERAL INDEX
Canterbury (cont)
St. Mary Northgate 88
St. Stephen's Hill tile kiln 151
Westgate church 90
Whitehall Gardens tile kiln 151
Canterbury chronicle 80
Canterbury Courts 291-325
Aldermen 291, 293
bastardy cases 293-4
Clerk of the Court 319-20
Clerk of the Peace 292
Commission of the Peace 291
Commitments Book 299, 300, 317,
323
Consistory Court 86
Constables and Borsholders 292, 293,
299,313,314,316,318
Coroner 292
County Gaol 309-12, 317-18, 319,
322
County Rate 307-9, 311, 319, 325
Court of Guardians 292, 304, 319
Court of Record 291, 319-22
Court for the Recovery of Small
Debts 291, 321-2
crime and punishment 294-301
gaol building 300, 309-11
Gaol Diary 299, 300-1
Guardians of the Poor 293, 294, 298
highways 306-7, 316
lamps and lighting 293, 304-6
Pavement Commissioners (Rates)
293,305-6,307,314,316,318
Petty Sessions 291, 294, 314-19
book 299
Pleas of Trespass 291
Poor Law cases 293-4, 298-9
prosecutors 299, 308
punishments 301-4, 310
Quarter Sessions 291, 292-314
finances 307-9
Recorder 291, 292, 293, 306, 314
rioting 297-8
settlement cases 293, 294
transportation 295, 301, 302-3, 304,
310, 323, 324
Captain Swing riots 72, 74-5, 76
Carnuntum (Germany), cremation structure
121 n.6
Cartulary, St. Gregory's 81
caskets, whale bone 209, 211, 214
Castleford (W. Yorks.), samian stamps
137
cauldron legs, medieval 369, 370
Ceylon, kastanes as parallel for H.M.S.
Stirling Castle hilts 358, 360
charcoal, Scotney Court 327, 331, 333,
343-5,351,352-3
la Chaussee Tirancourt, Somme
(France) 28
cheek piece, copper alloy, Roman 101,
157,158
Cheesmans Farm, ring ditch cropmarks
220
'Chessman's Camp', Manston (Site 26)
220, 222
chessmen and boards, whale and antler
212,213,214,215
Chestnuts, barrow 11, 17, 18, 34, 36
Chichele, Archbishop 85, 87
Chilham see Julliberrie's Grave
chisel, bronze socketed 355, 356
Chronicle of John Stone 87
Cinque Ports, stranded whale 210
de Clare family 45, 47, 49-60
Clare, Gilbert de, sixth earl of Gloucester
49,50
Clare, Gilbert, eighth earl of Gloucester
(Red Earl) 48, 49, 53-7, 58, 59,
60
Clare, Richard, seventh earl of Gloucester
48, 49, 50-1, 52-3, 57, 58, 60
Cleve Court Hoard, bronzes (Wilburton
phase) 361-5
Cluny, manuscript by Eadmer 185
coal trade, and Sandwich 274, 275, 276,
279, 283
Cobbett, William
in Goudhurst 69-70
in Manston 223
in Sandwich 257
Coffin Stone 35
coins
Iron Age 132, 161
Roman 92, 101, 109-10, 119, 152,
161-3
medieval and post-medieval 161
Colchester (Essex)
mosaic glass bowls 160
whale vertebra 208
386
GENERAL INDEX
Coldrum, megalithic long barrow 1-43
as Adscombe 3
chamber 12, 13-15, 18-19, 20, 22-5,
30-5
field system 1
flint 9, 22, 24
human remains 1, 2-3, 8, 9, 10, 17,
18,20,22,23-4,25-8,30,32,
33,34-5, 36
lynchets 1,2, 11, 18, 36
medieval slighting 12, 18-19, 20
mound and kerb 12, 15-18, 19, 20,
28, 30, 33, 35
pottery 5, 9, 22, 24-5, 34
sarsen stone surround 12, 33, 35
Coldrum Lodge 1
Collectio Lanfranci 175, 181, 187
Colyer, Edward 194
Colyer, Thomas, owner of Springhead
Gardens 193
combs, bone and ivory, Anglo-Saxon
356, 357
Combwell, Black (Augustinian) canons 90
Consistory Court, of Canterbury 86
Cooper, Henry, Commissary General 86
copper alloy objects see cheek piece;
horse harness toggle; pin; strapends;
stud mount
corn prices 296-7, 298, 312-13
counters, whale bone 213
courts see Canterbury Courts
Crai, river (Powys) 372, 374
Cranbrook, workhouse 71
Crawford, O.G.S. 10, 43
Cray, river, meanings of name 372-4
Crayford, battle at (5th century) 374
Cray Gill (Yorkshire) 372, 374
cremations see under burials
crime and punishments, and the Canterbury
Courts 294-304, 310
'Crotal Bell', medieval 369, 370
Deal
coal trade 275
erosion of cliffs 93
naval yards 280, 284
population 259, 260, 261, 263
railway 282, 283
road transport 281, 282
see also Mill Hill
Denson, John, labouring gardener 64-5
Dering family, in Pluckley 70
discs, Anglo-Saxon
Kimmeridge shale 356, 357
whale vertebrae 357
Domesday Book 78, 83
Dover
church of St. Martin 80
pottery from fort 134
rail 283
road transport 281, 282
Roman period 93, 103
Roman pottery 135, 150
whale bone counters 213
Dover Archaeological Group, radiocarbon
dates for prehistoric east
Kent 376-80
Dungeness, stranded whale 210
Dunkin, Edwin 4-5, 7, 8, 9, 42
Dunstan, St. 182
Durham Cathedral (Co. Durham)
manuscript by Eadmer 183, 184
Symeon, monk-scribe and historian
186
Dutch East India Company sailors 358,
360
Each End, Ash: excavations 91-172
topography 93-4
prehistoric activity 91, 94
Iron Age occupation 94-6
pre-road activity 96-7
earlier trackway 92, 97-8, 119
Roman
amphora burial 92, 112, 113, 136,
144, 147
box burial 92, 113-14, 116, 120,
126, 128-30, 134
cremation burials 91, 92, 102, 108,
109, 110, 111-16,7/7, 119-28
finds 152, 157-8, 165-6
ditches and gullies 92, 107-8, 112,
115, 133
environmental archaeology 163-4
hearth 92, 105, 106, 118
inhumation burial and coffin 92,
116, 117, 118, 130, 152
pits (industrial) 92, 106-7
road ditches 92, 93, 99-100, 101,
102, 103
387
GENERAL INDEX )
Each End, Ash (cont)
Roman (cont)
road metalling 92, 93, 98-103
settlement 92, 103-11
wells 92, 105-6
wooden structure 92, 99-100, 102,
103-4
late/post-Roman activity 118-19
finds
animal bone 105, 106, 108, 113,
114, 122,725, 128
bird bone 113, 114, 128, 129
coins
Iron Age 132, 161
Roman 92, 101, 109-10, 119,
152, 161-3
copper alloy objects 92
footwear 92, 112, 113, 115, 128
hobnails 112, 113, 115, 152, 161
lamp (ceramic) 92, 113, 115, 133,
135-6, 147
pottery 92, 99, 100, 101, 105-12
passim, 118, 119, 132-50
tile 105, 106
Eadburg, relics of 83-4, 85
Eadmer, scribe 82, 173-89
Anselm's charter 185
Anselm's documents (British Library)
183, 185
Augustine's commentary on the Psalms
175, 181-3
bishop of London's profession 186
Cambridge manuscripts 174-5, 178,
179-80
consecration of bishop of London 186
copy of Anselm's Cur Deus Homo 185
Lanfranc's Constitutiones copy (Durham
Cathedral) 183
letters from Pope Clement to Lanfranc
181
manuscript for Cluny 185
one-leaf fragment (British Library,
Harley) 174-8, 176,177, 180,
188, 189
Easter Table Chronicle 82, 83
Eastry, Prior Henry, catalogue of Christ
Church library 178
Eastry, population 277
Ebbsfleet, River, watercress beds 192,
194, 196-7, 198, 199-201, 202, 203
Eccles, tile fabric 151
Edward I 48, 49, 51, 52-3, 54, 55-7, 60
Eleanor of Castile (m. Edward I) 48, 49,
51,56
Eleanor of Provence (m. Henry III) 48,
49, 50, 60
Elliot, Walter and Thomas 194, 195
Elmstead, church 89
enclosures
Belgic, Manston (Sites 15/16) 222,
225
medieval 222
Manston (Site 4/5), farming compound
225, 226, 227-30, 234,
235, 244-7, 253-4
Manston (Site 18) 224, 225, 230-3,
234-5, 240, 253, 254
unspecified date, circular, Manston
(Site 23) 222
environmental archaeology
Coldrum 35-6
Each End, Ash 163-4
Swalecliffe Wastewater Treatment
Works, palaeoenvironmental
samples 376
West Hythe Wastewater Treatment
Works, palaeoenvironmental
samples 375
Erfurt (Germany), watercress beds 192
Ethelburg, relics of 83, 84-5
Eton College (Berks.), manuscript 189
Eve, David, Springhead Gardens and
the archaeology of Kent watercress
beds 191-203
Eythorne, round barrow and round ditch
north-west of Haynes Farm 378,
379
farming compound see Kent International
Business Park, Site 4/5
Faversham
'Rural' and 'Town Queries' 64
watercress beds 195
Felmongers (Essex), glass goblet 160
ferrule, iron spiral, Iron Age 157,158
ferry crossing, Roman (at Little East
Street Farm) 93, 94, 97, 102
field systems, prehistoric 1, 222
Filkins, E.W. 1, 9, 10, 15, 16-17, 22,
23, 28-33, 31, 34, 35, 42
388
GENERAL INDEX
finial, Hoaden Bronze Hoard, Late
Bronze Age 369, 370
fish bone
Each End 128
Ramsgate, cod skeleton 357
Scotney Court 329, 342-3
fish-salting station, Scotney Court 343,
351
FitzGilbert, Richard 45, 49
Fleet Farm, Roman road 101, 102, 103
flint (worked)
Neolithic
Each End, leaf-shaped 91, 94
Manston 228, 243
Late Neolithic-Early Bronze Age artefact
scatter 355
Bronze Age, Manston 240-3
sites
Coldrum 9, 22, 24
Each End, Ash 91, 94, 96, 161
Swalecliffe Wastewater Treatment
Works 376
see also axes; scrapers
fly, caddis larval cases 347
footwear (leather), in Roman cremation
burials 92, 112, 113, 115, 128; see
also hobnails
France
watercress beds 192, 193
whale bone and whaling 211, 212,
213
Franks casket 209, 211
Friendly Societies, licences 314
Funton Creek, salt pans 350
Fussell's Lodge long barrow 25, 28, 32,
34
games, boards and accessories, whale
bone 212-15
Gandersheim casket 211
geology 93, 218, 220
Germany, watercress beds 192
Gervase, chronicler 83
Gilbert, Thomas, M.P. 71
glass see beads; bowl; goblet
Gloucester, Earls of 45, 48, 49; and see
Clare, Gilbert; Clare, Richard
goblet, glass, Roman 113, 152, 157-60,
159
Goscelin, monk 84
Goudhurst, Poor Law Commission's
answers to Rural Queries in parish
63-76
acreage of parish 67
agricultural employment 68-9
Captain Swing riots 72, 74-5, 76
land and property 70-1
Poor Law Administration 72-4, 76
population 66-7
'Roundsman system' 68-9
subsistence and diet 69-70
topography 67-8
woodland 67-8
workhouse and poor relief 71-2
Gravesend 191, 192, 194
Great Stour, river 93
Great Tottington, watercress beds 202,203
Green, Major A.O., plan of Coldrum 8, 8
Gregory the Great, pope 82
seal 85
Gullick, Michael, The scribal work of
Eadmer of Canterbury to 1109 173-89
Haddenham (Cambs.), long barrow
chamber 36
Hamwic, whale vertebra 206, 207, 208,
211
Harbledown, St. Nicholas 78
Harris, Captain, manager of Springhead
Gardens 193-4
Harrison, A.C, obituary 381
Harrison, Benjamin 1, 4, 9, 15, 30, 42
hearths
prehistoric 228
Roman 92, 105, 106, 118
medieval 229
carbon from rake-out in Lydden Valley
378, 379
Henry I 80
Henry HI 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51-6, 57
Hereford Cathedral (Herefs.), manuscript
189
Hicks, Alison J., Excavations at Each
End, Ash, 1992 91-172
Highway Surveyors, appointed by Canterbury
Courts 314, 316, 318
Hoaden II Bronze Hoard, Late Bronze
Age 365-71
axes, winged and flanged 366, 367,
368, 369, 371
389
GENERAL INDEX
Hoaden II Bronze Hoard (cont)
bun ingots 366, 369, 371
spearheads 366, 367
swords, 'Ewart Park' type 366, 367
tools (awl, knife) 369, 370
hobnails, in Roman cremation burials
112, 113, 115, 152, 161
Hop Assistants, appointed by Canterbury
Courts 314, 316
horse harness toggle, copper alloy, Roman
101, 157, 755
Howfield, manor of 89
human remains
Coldrum megalithic long barrow 1,
2-3,8,9, 10, 17, 18,20,22,
23-4, 25-8, 30, 32, 33, 34-5, 36
Each End 119-28 (and see burials)
Iron Age and Roman, radio-carbon
dates 377-8, 379
Hyrst 67
Ickham (Kent), coins 162, 163
Ipswich (Suffolk), whale bone waste
215
Iron Age
animal bone 378, 379
briquetage vessels in Essex 341
coins 132, 161
human remains 377-8, 379
occupation at Each End 91, 94-6, 97,
131-2
spiral ferrule or ox goad 157, 755
see also pottery
iron-foundry, Sandwich 265
iron working site, Romano-British, at
Manston (Site 28) 222
ivory
elephant 214
walrus 213, 214
see also combs
Joan of Acre (m. Gibert Clare, eighth
earl) 48, 49, 56-7, 59, 60
Johnson, Samuel, churchwarden at
Goudhurst 66, 69, 72, 74
Julliberrie's Grave, Chilham 18, 36
flint axe 36
Keith, Sir Arthur 10, 20, 24, 25-8, 32, 34-5
Kemble, J.M. 3, 5, 34
Kent
education and schools 288
population 66-7, 259, 260,261, 263, 277
Kent International Business Park, Manston
excavations and evaluations 217-55
metal detector and chance finds 360,
361
Site 4/5
?Neolithic- Early Bronze Age 228
medieval ditched enclosure (farming
compound) 226, 227-30,
234, 235, 253-4
animal bone 234
flint, prehistoric 228, 240, 241
hearth, prehistoric 228
medieval huts and hearths 228-30,
234
oyster shell, medieval 234
pottery 234, 243, 244-7, 253-4
shells, prehistoric 228
Site 13, barrow(?) 222, 225
Site 14, medieval enclosure 225
Site 15/16
flint 240, 241,242
Iron Age (Belgic enclosure) 225,
233, 234
Site 17, ditched enclosure 225
Site 18, medieval ditched enclosure
224, 225, 230-3, 234-5, 240,
253, 254
flint 240, 241
pits 232, 252
pottery 234, 243, 244, 247-50
structural remains 232-3, 252, 253,
254
sunken-featured building (medieval)
232, 235-9, 253
hearth 236, 237, 238-9
pottery 238
Site 19
flint 240, 241
pits and urn in situ 225
Sites 20, 21 and 22, ring ditches
(round barrows) 222, 225
Site 23, circular enclosure 222
Site 24, crop-mark (long barrow) 222-3
Site 25
medieval manor or farmhouse 220,
235
ring ditches (round barrows) 220
390
GENERAL INDEX
Kent International Business Park, Manston
(cont)
Site 27, crop/soil mark associated
with bronze hoard 222
Site 28, Romano-British iron working
site 222
Site 29
barrow cemetery 222
prehistoric ditch field systems
222
Kentish megalithic long barrows 36
kiln base(?) 224
Kingseate (Glos.), coins 163
Kit's Coty House 3, 5, 7, 9, 15, 18, 33,
34,36
Lower 19
Knatchbull, Sir Edward, M.P. 71
knife, bronze, Hoaden Bronze Hoard
369, 370
Lacy, Maude de 48, 59, 51, 60
lamps, ceramic, Roman 92, 113, 115,
133, 135-6, 147
lamps and lighting in streets, in Canterbury
293, 304-6
Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury
Constitutiones 183
letters from Pope Clement 181
manuscripts 175, 180, 187
Langdon Bay, Dover, Late Bronze Age
winged axes 371
Langton, Archbishop Stephen 81
Langton, Archdeacon Simon 81
Lanhill (Wilts.) 34
Lankhills cemetery (Hants.), belt fittings
152
Larking, Rev. Lambert 3, 5, 8, 34
Lading plaque 211
leather see footwear
Leigh see Moat Farm
Lewis, A.L. 6, 7, 21, 42
Lewis, Isle of, chessmen 213
licences 313-14, 315-16
for Friendly Societies 314
for performance of plays 313-14
for places of worship 314, 315
to sell ale and strong liquor 314, 315,
318
Linear Pottery people (Neolithic) and
long houses 11, 36-7
Little East Street Farm, former Wantsum
Channel and ferry crossing 93, 94,
97, 102
locks see tumbler lock bolt
London
British Library, manuscripts by Eadmer
173-4, 175-8, 176, 177, 185, 186,
189
demand for watercress 193, 194
Roman 101
Victoria and Albert Museum, comb 357
Warwick Square, oil lamps in cremation
burial 115
whale bone counters 213
Lullingstone, Roman villa 102
Lydden Valley, Hacklinge
carbon from hearth rake-out 378, 379
prehistoric land-surface 378
Lydd Quarry, pottery 335, 352
Lyminge, relics to St. Gregory's Priory,
Canterbury 78, 83-4
lynchets, Coldrum 1, 2, 11, 18, 36
Macpherson-Grant, N. see Perkins, D.R.J.
Maiden Castle (Dorset), Roman
brooches 156
Maidstone, wheat sold in 296
manor or farmhouse, medieval, Manston
(Site 25) 220, 235
Manston see Kent International Business
Park
Manston Aerodrome 223
manuscripts, by Eadmer 173-89
Margate
population 260, 261
port 280
railway 283
road transport 281
Marshfield (Glos.), Roman brooch 156
mattrosses swords from H.M.S. Stirling
Castle 357-60, 359
'Mayor's Court' (Court of Pleas)
319-21,322
medieval
manor or farmhouse at Manston (Site
25) 220, 235
moated sites 239
sea-defence ('Boarded Groin') 357
see also enclosures; pottery; seals;
sunken featured buildings
391
GENERAL INDEX
Medway long barrows 11, 18, 20, 33-4,
35-6
Merston, church 237
Merton Abbey 80
Mesolithic
flint tranchet axe at Each End 91, 94
occupation 355
metal objects, Kent International Business
Park 224; see also bronze objects;
copper alloy objects; hobnails
Middle Saxon period, whales 205-15
Mid Kent Search and Recovery Club
109
'Mildrith Legend' 78
Mildrith (Mildred), relics of 83, 84, 85
Miller, Giles 66, 67, 69, 70-1, 73, 74
Mill Hill, Deal, radio-carbon dates
376-9
Minster-in-Thanet 84
Moat Farm, Leigh 235
moated sites, medieval, in Kent 235
Monkton
farm complex 238
Roman sunken floored storage huts
239
Montfort, Simon de 50, 52-5
Mucking (Essex), sunken featured building
238
Nackington, church 89
Neolithic
animal bone 377
ditches at Oaklands Nursery Site 357
flint artefact scatter 355
flint scrapers 243
Grooved Ware pit 377, 378-9
leaf-shaped flint from Each End 91, 94
Manston (Site 4/5) 228
see also Linear Pottery People
Newstead (Borders), samian stamps 138
Noble, Rev. Mark 2
Norman Conquest, whale bone board
games 212-13
Nutbane, earthen long barrow 15
Oaklands Nursery Site, Cottington
Road, Cliffsend, Ramsgate 356-7
Osbern 182-3
Ospringe, Roman pottery 134, 135, 136,
149
Overseers of the Poor
appointed by Canterbury Courts 314,
316
assistant overseers appointed in Goudhurst
72
Overton Down (Wilts.), axe-sharpening
traces 18
Oxford (Oxon.), Canterbury College
manuscript 178
ox goad, iron, Iron Age 157, 755
palaeoenvironmental samples see environmental
archaeology
palstaves, bronze, Cleve Court Hoard
363, 364
Panton, F.H., Finances and government
of Canterbury: eighteenth- to mid
nineteenth-century Canterbury
Courts of Justice 291-325
Parfitt, Keith, 'Some radio-carbon dates
for prehistoric East Kent' 376-9
Pecham, Archbishop 85, 86
Perkins, D.R.J.
'Discoveries: metal detector and
chance finds' 360-71
Oaklands Nursery Site, Ramsgate 356-7
Thanet Reach Business Park excavations
355
Perkins, D.R.J., E. Boast, T. Wilson
and N. Macpherson-Grant, Kent
International Business Park, Manston:
excavations and evaluations
1994-1997, Report 1 217-55
Petrie, Flinders 7, 8, 9, 21, 42
pin, copper alloy, Roman 152
Pivington, moated site 235
plant remains, Scotney Court 345-9, 350,
352; see also pollen; rush seeds
Pleistocene, assemblage from Swalecliffe
Wastewater Treatment
Works 375-6
Pluckley, close parish 70
police force, Canterbury 299
pollen
data in east Kent 36
Each End, Ash 164
Poor Law
administration in Goudhurst 72-4, 76
cases heard in Canterbury Courts
293-4, 298-9
392
GENERAL INDEX
Poor Law (cont)
poor relief in Goudhurst 71-2
see also Overseers of the Poor
Poor Law Commission (1832), Answers
to Rural Queries 63-76
Poor Rates 314, 316-17
population, of Canterbury 298, 317; see
also Kent; Sandwich
Portus Lemanis (Roman naval anchorage)
375
Poste, Beale 2-3, 19, 34-5, 42
pottery
early prehistoric 376
prehistoric 91, 131-2,224
Neolithic
Class A ware 24-5
Peterborough type 357
Early to Middle Bronze Age Beaker
or Urn 243
Late Bronze Age
Deverel Rimbury 225, 243
flint tempered 224
Iron Age 91, 94, 96, 243
flint tempered 338
flint-and-grog tempered wares 131,
132
flint-gritted 131-2
rusticated 131, 132
Belgic 222, 224
Late Belgic to early Romano-British,
sand-tempered wares 338
Roman/Romano-British 220, 222
abundant shell tempered 338
Alice Holt sandy ware 148, 150
amphora burial (South Spanish amphora)
92, 112, 113, 136, 144,
147
BBl and Dorset BBl 148, 149
BB2 134-5, 148, 222
Canterbury coarse pink-buff sandy
ware 140, 147
Canterbury grey sandy ware 134,
148, 149
Canterbury pink-buff flagon wares
134
Canterbury sandy wares 135
Central Gaulish colour-coats 148,
150
coarse grog-tempered ware (local)
133, 134
coarse sand-tempered ware 149
Colchester colour-coated ware 339
Colchester/north Gaulish colourcoated
ware 134, 140
east-Midland/East Anglian shelltempered
ware 148, 150
fine buff powdery ware with sparse
red grog-temper 339
fine buff sandy ware 134
fine buff ware (? Upchurch-type)
143, 147, 149
fine grey Upchurch-type 133, 134,
138, 139, 140, 143, 147, 148,
149, 150
fine grey ware with grog and some
flint 339
fine sand-tempered ware (north
French) 143
German Mayen ware (Eifelkeramik)
150
grog-tempered wares 135, 148,
149,335,351
hard-fired grog-tempered Native
Coarse Ware 148, 149
late Roman grog-tempered ware
148, 150
late Roman shell-tempered ware
150
Lower Rhineland fabric [1] 140
moderate sandy fine ware 339
Nene valley colour-coats 148, 150
Oxford colour-coats 148, 150
oxidised Upchurch-type ware 140,
144, 150
oxidised wheel-thrown sandtempered
wares 149
reduced sand-tempered ware 148,
149
Rhenish colour-coats 148, 150
samian 133, 135, 136-8, 149
Central Gaulish 135, 138, 139,
140, 143, 144, 147, 148, 150
East Gaulish 143, 148, 150
sand tempered ware 148
sand and shell tempered 338
shell and flint tempered 338
Thameside BB2 149
Transitional Native Coarse Ware
114, 133, 134, 138, 139, 140,
143,144, 147, 148
393
GENERAL INDEX
Pottery (cont)
Anglo-Saxon 119
medieval 224, 243-54, 375
Canterbury sandy wares 234,
244-6,247-50,251-2
London Ware 250, 251, 252
north Kent shell-filled wares 244,
247, 250
Tyler Hill (sandy; shell-dusted
sandy) wares 234, 244-6,
247-50, 251-2
post-medieval 243
sites see Coldrum; Each End, Ash;
Kent International Business
Park; Scotney Court
prehistoric
field systems 1,222
occupation at Each End 94
pit, Swalecliffe Wastewater Treatment
Works 376
radio-carbon dates in east Kent 376-9
submerged land-surface in Lydden
Valley 378
see also Bronze Age; flint; Mesolithic;
Neolithic; pottery
Pudding Pan Rock (Kent), samian stamps
137
quern, lava 152
radio-carbon dating
for Coldrum and Chestnuts barrows 36
for prehistoric sites in east Kent
376-80
Radlett (Herts.), tile fabric 151
railways 258, 267, 268, 274, 275, 276,
279, 280, 282-4
station master 270
Ramsgate
Oaklands Nursery Site 356-7
population 260, 261
port 274, 275, 280
road transport 282
razor, Hoaden Bronze Hoard, Late Bronze
Age 369, 370
Reculver
erosion of cliffs 93
Roman fort 94
Reigate (Surrey), tile fabric from Doon's
Farm 152
Rheinzabern (Germany), samian stamps
138
Rich, Archbishop Edmund 86
Richard of Dover, Archbishop 85
Richborough 92-3, 109
coins 163
port 92-3, 94, 101, 109
pottery, Roman 135, 136, 143, 150
Roman road 102
stone fort 93, 94, 102, 103, 111,
162-3, 164
trackway to 97
wooden fort 93, 101
Richborough Syncline 93
Riddler, Ian, Worked whale vertebrae
205-15
ring ditches
Bronze Age 377, 379
Cheestnans Farm, Manston 220
Manston, round barrows 220, 222
Riverhead, near Sevenoaks 202
Roach Smith, Charles 3-4
road services (coaches), Sandwich
281-2,283
Rochester
Anglo-Saxon fisherman swallowed by
whale 211
manuscript 189
New Cemetery, semi-sunken malting
kiln 239
rod, bronze, Cleve Court Hoard 363,
365
Roger I, Abbot 85
Roman
animal bone 378, 379
column base at Springhead Gardens
198
human remains 377-8, 379
settlement see Each End, Ash
sunken floored storage huts 239
watercress as medicine 191
see also pottery
Romano-British
iron working site 222
salt-working at Scotney Court
327-53
Romney, stranded whale 210
rope-making, Sandwich 264
rush seeds 345, 346, 347
394
GENERAL INDEX
St. Albans, St. Stephen's, cremated
bone 122 n.8
Saint Leonard (France), watercress beds
192
St. Osyth (Essex), Augustinian priory
80,90
Salisbury Cathedral (Wilts.), manuscript
189
salt-working, Romano-British, at Scotney
Court 327-53
Sandtun (near West Hythe) 206
whale vertebrae 206-7, 207
Sandwich 257-90
Delf Stream 289
Haven (port) 271, 274-5, 278-81,
284, 290
markets 267-8, 276, 284, 290
population 257, 258-64, 268, 277,
280, 286, 290
public health 289-90
religion, churches and chapels 285-7
road services (coaches) 281-2, 283
St. Clement's parish 285
St. Mary's Church 258 n.8
St. Mary's parish 285
St. Peter's Church 258 n.8
St. Peter's parish 285
St. Thomas' Hospital (Cattle Market)
355
schools and education 287-9
servants 285
service trades 268-73
society 284-90
trade 264-84
water supply 290-1
scabbard chape, Cleve Court Hoard
362, 363
scabbard mount, Hoaden Bronze Hoard,
Late Bronze Age 369, 370
Scotney Court, Romano-British saltworking
327-53
finds
animal bone 342, 350, 351, 352
briquetage 327, 331, 333, 334,
339-42,349-50,351,352
fish bone 329, 342-3
plant remains (charred and waterlogged
seeds) 345-9, 350, 352
pottery 327, 329, 331, 334-9, 350,
351,352
Trench A 329-31
domestic pit/settling tank (pit 49)
329,331,350
charcoal 344-5
plant remains 345, 346, 347-9,
350
pottery 329, 336, 337
salt evaporation pan (context 73)
329, 349-50
Trench B 330, 331,552
Trench C 330, 331, 332, 333, 345, 347
Trench D 332, 333-4, 350
ditch [110] 334,352
charcoal 345, 353
plant remains 345, 347-9
pottery 337, 352
ditch [117] 334,352
Trench IV pottery and briquetage
336, 340
charcoal (wood) 327, 331, 333,
343-5,351,352-3
scrapers, flint 224, 228, 242, 243, 357,
363, 365, 365
'horseshoe' scraper 363, 365, 365
sculpture, Tonbridge Castle grotesques
45-61
sea-defence, medieval, Ramsgate
('Boarded Groin') 357
seals
medieval 360, 5