Heraldic Painted Glass in the Church of St. Lawrence, Mereworth

HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN THE CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE, MEREWORTH By C. R. COUNCER, F.S.A. IN 1723 John Fane, younger brother of the sixth Earl of Westmorland, commissioned Colin Campbell to transform Mereworth Castle into the vast palladian villa which is still so unusual a feature of this countryside. The ancient parish church, which stood near the house, was allowed to remain until 1746, when Fane, who had succeeded to the earldom ten years before, demohshed it and built the present church more than half a mile from the former site. This church contains a remarkable collection of heraldic glass of the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, nearly all of it relating to the Fanes, the Nevills, Barons Abergavenny, who preceded them at the Castle, and the Walsinghams of Yotes Court in this parish. As it is all, or nearly all, older than the present building, the question arises as to where it came from. That in the east window is said by Thorpe to have been collected by the Earl of Westmorland, but his further notes, which clearly refer to the old church and not to the present building, leave one in considerable confusion : indeed, the glass described by him in detail no longer exists. That the Earl was responsible for the present arrangement of the glass his arms and insignia in window E attest ; while the setting of some of the other shields appears to be of his time. A plausible conjecture seems to be that the demolished Castle and Yotes Court, and perhaps the old church, have all contributed to the existing collection. A word is desirable on the elaborate cartouches or frames, dated 1562, in which many of the shields, especially those associated with the Walsingham family, are set. An identical cartouche, showing the arms of Pigott quartering Castelline and Walcott, is in the Victoria and Albert Museum (C. 126-1929) and is illustrated in the Museum's Guide to the Collections of Stained Glass (1936), PL 57. It was acquired from a dealer who is said to have picked it up somewhere in Bucldnghamshire, and it has, as far as is known, no connexion with the Walsinghams or with Kent. Nothing is known of the artist, who is thought by the Museum authorities to have been a foreigner, or the descendant of one, working probably in London.1 The pictures, dated 1563, in the north 1 I am indebted to Mr. Arthur Lane, Keeper of Ceramics, for helpful information nbout this panel. 48 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE window of the north chancel at Lullingstone have frames of a simpler design but very similar style, and may well have come from the same atelier. The cartouches referred to occur in A3 and 4, Bll-15, and C2 and 5. All are identical except that in A4 and C5 the design is finished off at the top with a marquess's coronet which appears to be ornamental only and to have no technical significance. Equally without genealogical significance is the date 1562—probably the date of manufacture of the frames for stock. This is obvious from, e.g. A4, showing Sir Philip Sidney's marriage. In 1562 he was eight years old. To save repetition it will be convenient to describe here the setting of the other shields in windows A-C. Al and 2 and CI and 3 are slightly smaller than the other shields, and are set in simple scrollwork which may well be coeval with the present church ; and a somewhat similar setting is used for Bl-5, that of B3 being rather more ornate, and probably older, than the others. A5 and C4 are in cartouches of scrollwork surmounted by mitres. B6-10 are enclosed in Garters surmounted, except for B8 which has a royal crown, by earls' coronets. B16-20 are full achievements very finely executed in coloured enamels, each shield being enclosed in a Garter and having supporters, helm, earl's coronet (royal crowns to 17 and 18) and crest. The shields throughout are finely executed in coloured enamels and stain. Upper east windows (A-C) (Fig. 1) A. (1) Ar. a chevron sa. between 3 pellets, probably for DENE (quartered by Fane), but the chevron should be engrailed. (2) Chequy or and sa. a fesse az. (3) Quarterly, i and iv, Gu. bezanty and a canton erm., ZOUCH ; ii and iii, Quarterly, 1 and 4, Ar. 2 chevrons gu. ; 2 and 3, Or a lion rampant between 4 crosslets az., ST. MAUR. William, 5th Lord Zouch of Harringworth, married, early in the fifteenth century, Alice, daughter of Richard, 6th Baron St. Maur, and the family then adopted this coat. The present achievement must be for Edward, 11th Baron, who married, as his second wife, Sarah, dau. of Sir James Harrington of Exton'by Lucy, dau. of Sir William Sidney of Penshurst. Another dau. of Sir James married Edward, Lord Dudley (see window F). (4) Or a pheon az., in chief a crescent gu., Sir Phihp SIDNEY, impaling Quarterly, i and iv, Gu. bezanty, a cross couped chequy ar. and az., WALSLNGHAM. ii. Sa. on a bend ar. a bendlet wavy of the 1st; in sinister chief a crosslet fitchy of the 2nd, WRITTLE. iii. (Restored) Ermines on a chief indented ar. an annulet between 2 trefoils slipped sa., BAMME. 49 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE Sir Philip Sidney (d. 1586) married Frances, dau. of Sir Francis Walsingham, Queen Elizabeth I's Minister. The Walsingham quarterings are accounted for in the pedigree in Vis. 1574, p. 77 ; a fuller pedigree is in Webb, Miller and Beckwith's Hist, of Chislehurst (1899), p. 112. (5) THE SEE impaling Ar. on a chevron between 3 crosses patty gu. 3 martlets or, Archbishop SANCROFT (1677-90). The birds should be doves. 8 IO II 12 3 4 15 4 16 17 8 9 20 A B C FIG. 1. B. (1) Quarterly or and gu., over all a bend vair, SACKVILLE. Constance, dau. of Thomas Culpeper and sister of Sir Thomas Fane's first wife Elizabeth, married Christopher Sackville (see E7). (2) Quarterly, i and iv, Ar. on a bend sa. 3 roses of the 1st, CAREY ; ii and iii, Barry nebuly ar. and sa., SPENCER, impaling Quarterly, i and iv, Gu. crusilly or a saltire ar., DENNY, ii. Or a daunce gu., in chief 3 martlets sa., MORE, iii. Az. 3 trouts fretted in triangle and in chief a molet ar., TROUTBECK. Joyce, dau. of Sir Edmund Denny by his second wife Mary, dau. and coh. of Robert Troutbeck, married (1) William Walsingham, father of Sir Francis, and (2) Sir John Carey (d. 1559) (Harl. Soc. Vol. xxxii, p. 101). Her first marriage is commemorated in B14. (3) Quarterly of 8 : i. Per pale ar. and gu., WALDEGRAVE. ii. Barry of 10 ar. and az., MOUNTCHENSEY. iii. Gu. an eagle displayed erm., CRAKE, iv. Or a fesse vairy ar. and gu., VANCYE. v. Ar. 2 bars and in chief 3 molets sa., MOIGNE. 50 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE vi. Gu. a chevron engrailed between 3 lis ar., REYNSFORTH. vii. Gu. 6 eagles displayed or, LTNDSEY. viii. Or on a fesse az. 3 plates, WELNETHAM.1 impaling Per fesse nebuly ar. and sa. 3 greyhounds' heads couped counterchanged, collared gu. MILDMAY. Sir William Waldegrave of Smalbridge, Kt., married Elizabeth, dau. of Sir. Thos. Mildmay, Kt. (Harl. Soc. Vol. xxxii, pp. 295-8). For an account of the Waldegrave family, see Reyce's Breviary of Suffolk (ed. Lord Francis Hervey, 1902), pp. 204-13. (4) MILDMAY impaling Quarterly, i and iv, Ar. 3 bars wavy sa., each charged with 3 plates; on a chief gu. a culverin between 2 anchors or, GONSTON; ii and iii, Or a fret gu. charged with 4 bezants, within a bordure az., TRUSSELL. Thomas Mildmay of Moulsham, Chelmsford (d. 1529), married Avis, dau. of William Gonston of London (Harl. Soc. Vol. xiii, p. 251). His brother, Sir Walter, Chancellor of the Exchequer, married Mary, sister of Sir Francis Walsingham (B5). (5) MILDMAY impaling WALSINGHAM as A4 (sinister). Cf. B4. (6) Quarterly of 9 : i. Sa. 3 swords pilewise ar., hilted or; in dexter chief a crescent or, PAULET. ii. Gu. 3 water-skins ar., ROOS. iii. Barry of 6 or and vert, a bend purp., POYNINGS. iv. Ar. on a chief gu. 2 rowels or, ST. JOHN. v. Gu. 2 leopards ar., DELAMARE. vi. Barry erm and gu., HUSSEY. vii. Az. a fesse between 3 lis or, SKELTON. viii. Ar. a fret and a canton sa., ERESBY. ix. Ar. 6 martlets sa., DELAMORE. William, Lord St. John of Basing, Earl of Wiltshire and (1551) Marquess of Winchester ; K.G. 1643, d. 1571. The quarterings are accounted for in an elaborate pedigree in Harl. MS. 1073, fol. 26 et seq., where also is an achievement containing more coats than are shown here, and differently marshalled. A son of the Marquess, Sir Chideock Paulet, Kt., married Frances, dau. of Sir Edward Nevill, a younger brother of George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny (see E4). (7) Quarterly of 7 : i. Per pale az. and gu., 3 lions rampant ar., a bordure gobony or and gu., the gu. charged with bezants, HERBERT, ii. Or a chevron engrailed sa. between 3 escallops gu. 1 Q viii is carelessly done, and looks like Or on a fesse sa. 3 bezants. 51 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE iii. Ar. 3 cocks gu., GAME. iv. Ar. a lion rampant sa. crowned or, MORLEY. v. Az. crusilly and 3 boars' heads couped ar., CRADOCK. vi. Ar. 3 bends engrailed gu., a canton or, HORTON. vii. Ar. a cross sa. between 4 pellets, ?CLAYTON. Over all at fesse point a bezant. A number of achievements of Herbert have been examined, but the quarterings ii (not identifiable from Papworth) and vii do not occur in any of them ; nor does the name Clayton appear in any Herbert pedigree known to me. This achievement is, however, no doubt for Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (d. 1601), who married Mary, Sir Philip Sidney's sister. See Harl. MSS. 1195, fol. 139b, and 1196, fol. 62. (8) FRANCE MODERN quartering ENGLAND, Queen ELIZABETH I. (9) Quarterly, i and iv, Ar. 6 crosslets fitchy sa., on a chief az. 2 rowels or, CLINTON ; ii and iii, Quarterly or and gu., DE SAYE. Edward, 9th Lord Clinton, Earl of Lincoln, K.G., d. 1585. He married (2) Ursula, dau. of William, Lord Stourton by his first wife, Elizabeth, sister of John, Duke of Northumberland and dau. of Edmund Dudley, alias Sutton (see A3 and window F). The Duke, in the reign of Edward VI, held in fee the whole Hundred of Littlefield, in which Mereworth is situated (Ha, v, 66). His eldest daughter, Mary, was Sir Philip Sidney's mother. (10) Quarterly : i. Gu. a lion rampant or, ARUNDEL, ii. Barry of 8 or and gu., FITZALAN. iii. Ar. a fesse and a canton gu., WOODVILLE (RIVERS), iv. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Sa. a fret or, MATRAVERS ; 2 and 3, Ar. a chief az., FITZALAN OF CLUN. William, 11th Earl of Arundel (K.G. 1525), who married (2) Anne, dau. of Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland by Maud, dau. of William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (see B7). The 11th Earl's sister, Joan, married George Nevill, 5th Lord Abergavenny (d. 1525) (cf. E5). (11) Quarterly of 10 : i. Lozengy ar. and gu., FITZWILLIAM. ii. Chequy or and az., WARENNE. iii. Ar. a chief gu., over all a bend az., CROMWELL. iv. Erm. a fesse gu., BERNAKE. v. Ar. 3 cinquefoils and a canton gu., DRYBY. vi. Chequy or and gu. a fesse erm., TATESHULL. vii. Gu. a lion rampant or, ARUNDEL, viii. Az. 3 garbs or, EARL OF CHESTER. ix. Az. a wolf's head erased ar., LUPUS. x. Chequy or and sa., HAMELLN. Over all at fesse point a crescent or. 52 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE Sir William Fitzwilliam, Kt. (d. 1618), whose mother was Anne Sidney, Sir Philip's aunt, married Winifred, dau. of Sir Walter Mildmay, Chancellor of the Exchequer (cf. B4). The quarterings are accounted for in a pedigree in Harl. MS. 1052, fol. 83, Edmondson's Baronagium, iii, 269, and Burke's Extinct Peerages (1866), p. 147. (12) Quarterly : i. Gu. on a bend ar. 3 escallops az., WENTWORTH. ii. Quarterly ar. and gu. fretty or, over all a bend sa., DESPENSER. iii. Ar. a saltire engrailed gu., TIPTOFT. iv. Barry or and az. a canton erm., GOWSELL impaling WALSINGHAM with a bezant at fesse point. Elizabeth, sister of Sir Francis Walsingham, married (1) Geoffrey, second son of Sir Godfrey Gates of Essex (B15), and (2) Peter Wentworth, Esq., of Lillingstone Lovell, co. Oxon. For an achievement and pedigree of Wentworth, see Harl. MS. 1073, ff. 168-72. (13) (Restored) Ar. a dance between 3 cocks' heads erased sa., beaked and wattled or, TAMWORTH, impaling WALSINGHAM as in No. 12. Christian, another sister of Sir Francis Walsingham, married (1) John Tamworth. (14) WALSINGHAM as in No. 12 impaling DENNY as No. 2 (sinister). William Walsingham and his wife Joyce Denny (see B2). (15) Quarterly, i and iv, Per pale gu. and az. 3 lions rampant guardant or, GATES ; ii and iii, Gu. a cinquefoil ar. goutty de poix, CAPDOW impaling WALSINGHAM as in No. 12. See B12 ; and for Gates, Harl. Soc. Vol. xiv, 574. (16) Quarterly of 6 : i. Ar. on a cross gu. 5 escallops or, VILLIERS. ii. Sa. a fesse between 3 cinquefoils pierced ar., SEASES. hi. Gu. a chevron between 3 crosslets fitchy ar., PAKEMAN. iv. Per pale gu. and sa. a lion rampant ar., BELER. v. Az. a bend between 6 molets of six points ar., SOWBY. vi. Ar. a cross between 2 annulets bendwise vert, KIRKBY. Over all at fesse point a martlet or. George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, K.G. (d. 1628) married Katherine, dau. of Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland (cf. B20) by his first wife Frances, dau. and coh. of Sir Henry Knyvett (see note to B19). This is an example of carelessness on the part of the glass-painter or hi« client regarding the type of coronet to be represented. Though it is true 53 7 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE that Villiers was a simple earl for one year, from January, 1617, to January, 1618, his marriage, which seems the only reason for the presence of his achievement here, did not take place until 1620, when he was Marquess of Buckingham. The achievement of Parr in window D is in exactly similar case. The Villiers quarterings are accounted for in Harl. MS. 7178, an elaborate pedigree drawn up in 1600 by Lilly, Rouge Dragon, and authenticated by St. George, Norroy. (17) Quarterly, i and iv, FRANCE MODERN quartering ENGLAND ; ii. SCOTLAND ; iii. IRELAND ; over all a label of 3 ar. Henry, Prince of Wales (d. 1612), or Charles, afterwards King Charles I, before 1625. (18) As No. 17, without label, JAMES I. (19) Quarterly of 8 : i. Gu. a bend between 6 crosslets fitchy ar., HOWARD, ii. Gu. 3 leopards or, a label of 3, BROTHERTON. iii. Chequy or and az., WARENNE. iv. Gu. a lion rampant ar., MOWBRAY. v. ARUNDEL, vi. Quarterly, i and iv, FITZALAN ; ii and iii, FITZALAN OF CLUN. vii. MATRAVERS. viii. WOODVILLE (RIVERS). This achievement is difficult to identify because the Howard coat is not differenced, as it should be, to indicate any particular member of the family. The Arundel quarterings show that it cannot date before the marriage of Thomas Howard, Duke of Norfolk, with Mary, dau, and coh. of Henry FitzAlan, Earl of Arundel, the granddaughter of the 11th Earl (BIO) ; but it seems unlikely that the achievement of so well-known a personage as the Duke would be given an earl's coronet, even by the most careless glasspainter. The choice therefore seems to lie between (a) Charles, Lord Howard of Effingham, Earl of Nottingham, who married (1) Katherine, dau. of Henry Carey, Lord Hunsdon, first cousin to Sir John Carey (B2) ;J or (6) Thomas, Lord Howard de Walden, Earl of Suffolk, who married Catherine, one of three daus. and cohs. of Sir Henry Knyvett. Her sisters, Elizabeth and Frances, married respectively Thomas Clinton, 3rd Earl of Lincoln (cf. B9) and Francis Manners, 6th Earl of Rutland (cf. B20 and note to B16). (20) Quarterly, i and iv, Barry or and az., on a chief quarterly az. and gu. 2 lis or in 1st and 4th quarters and a leopard or in 2nd and 3rd, MANNERS ; ii and iii, Gu. 3 water-skins ar., ROOS. Frances, dau. of Thomas Manners, 1st Earl of Rutland, K.G. (d. 1643) married Henry Nevill, 6th Lord Abergavenny, and by Mary, dau. and heir 1 See the pedigree in Ord's Hist, of Cleveland (1846), p. 475. 54 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE of this match, Mereworth passed to the Fanes (Vis. 1592, p. 114 ; see E6). Roger Manners, 5th Earl, married Elizabeth, dau. and heir of Sir Philip Sidney. C. (1) Erm. on a cross sa. a bezant. This, like Al and 2 and C3, is of later date than the majority of the shields— perhaps even coeval with the present church. In common with A2, it cannot be identified satisfactorily. (2) Quarterly, i and iv, Gu. 3 crosses patty palewise or between 2 flanches chequy ar. and gu., SHERINGTON. ii. Az. a bend ar., SWATHLNGE. iii. Per pale indented or and az. 6 martlets counter changed, 2, 2, and 2, FRANSHAM impaling WALSINGHAM as in No. 12. Eleanor, sister of Sir Francis Walsingham, married Sir Wm. Sherington of Lacock, co. Wilts. For the Sherington pedigree see Harl. MS. 1052, fol. 99. (3) Quarterly gu. and ar., over all a bend charged at dexter chief with a pellet, WALLIS. For the connection with Fane, see Vis. 1592, p. 113. (4) Gu. 2 keys in saltire ar., in chief a crown or, SEE OF YORK, impaling Or a chevron between 3 crosses flory sa., STERNE. Richard Sterne, Archbishop of York 1664-83. (5) Quarterly of 8 : i. Ar. a lion rampant gu., on a chief sa. 3 escallops ar., RUSSELL, ii. Az. a tower domed ar., DE LA TOUR, iii. Barry or and gu., in chief a crescent of the 2nd, MUSCHAMP. iv. Gu. 3 herrings hauriant ar., HERINGHAM. v. Sa. a griffin segreant between 3 crosslets fitchy ar., FRAUXMERE. vi. Sa. 3 chevrons erm., in dexter chief a crescent or, WYSE. vii. Sa. 3 sheepcotes ar., in chief a molet or, SAPCOTTS. viii. Ar. a cross sa. Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford, K.G., d. 1585. For the pedigree and quarterings see Harl. MS. 1073, fol. 81 et seq. The eighth quartering should be Ar. on a cross gu. 5 molets or, ST. MARKE. The Earl's daughter Anne married Ambrose Dudley, Earl of Warwick (window F), and he was connected in a number of ways with other persons represented here : see Comp. Peerage, ii, 76-8. 55 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE Third window from east, south side (D) In an oval cartouche of scrollwork, rather roughly painted, in Garter with earl's coronet, quarterly of 11 : i. Ar. 2 bars az., a bordure engrailed sa., PARR. ii. Or 3 water-skins sa., ROOS OF KENDAL, iii. Az. 3 chevrons interlaced and a chief or, FITZHUGH. iv. Ar. 2 bars gu. a lis sa., STAVELEY. v. Ar. a bend sa. vi. Barry ar. and az., on a bend gu. 3 martlets or, GREY, vii. Vair a fesse gu., MARMION. viii. Ar. a bend gu. between 2 pellets. ix. Or 3 chevrons gu., a chief vair, ST. QUENTLN. x. Az. 3 bucks trippant or, GREENE. xi. Gu. a chevron between 3 crosslets and in chief a lion passant or, MABLETHORPE. William Parr, created Earl of Essex and K.G. 1543 and Marquess of Northampton 1547 ; d. 1571. He was stripped of all his honours for supporting Lady Jane Grey, but recovered the marquisate, though not the title of Earl of Essex, in 1558. He married, in 1548 (2) Elizabeth (d. 1566), dau. of George Brooke, Lord Cobham (see Arch. Cant., XII, 141-2, and cf. E5). His sister Anne married William Herbert, 1st Earl of Pembroke (cf. B7 and 10). In this achievement tho quarterings v and viii appear to be intruders : they should be FURNEAUX and JERNEGAN (Arch. Cant., LXII, 54). Westernmost window, south side (E) (Fig. 2) (1) Enamel-painted on large rectangular panel, eighteenth century: Az. 3 dexter gauntlets or, FANE ; an escutcheon of pretence, Sa. 3 stag's heads cabossed ar., attired or, CAVENDISH. Earl's coronet, supporters, and motto : NEC TEMERE NEC TIMIDE. (2) Crest, Out of a ducal coronet, a bull's head sa., armed or, with a rose gu. on his breast, FANE, Earl of Westmorland, derived from Nevill of Abergavenny. (3) Crest, on a torse sa. and ar. : A serpent nowed vert, CAVENDISH. Nos. 1-3 are for John Fane, Earl of Westmorland, the builder of the present church, and his wife Mary, only dau. and heir of Lord Henry Cavendish. (4) In small cartouche of simple scrollwork dated 1562, quarterly of 5 : i. Gu. on a saltire ar. a rose of the 1st, NEVILL of Abergavenny, ii. Or fretty gu., on a sinister canton per pale erm,. and or a galley sa., NEVILL (Anc). iii. Chequy or and az., WARENNE. 56 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE iv. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Or 3 chevrons gu., CLARE ; 2 and 3, Quarterly ar. and gu. fretty or, over all a bend sa., DESPENSER. v. Gu. on a fesse between 6 crosslets or a crescent sa., BEAUCHAMP. Over all at fesse point a crescent az. The crescent shows that this is for Edward, son of Sir Edward Nevill, second surviving son of George, Lord Abergavemiy (d. 1492). The title passed to this branch after the death of Henry, Lord Abergavenny, in 1587. Cf. B6. 0 $ r © ^>L 0 0 n<5> ' © J<§> 0 FIG. 2. (5) In similar cartouche, quarterly of 15 : i. Gu. on a chevron ar. 3 lions rampant sa., BROOKE (COBHAM). ii. Gu. on a chevron or 3 lions rampant sa., COBHAM. iii. Az. on a fesse between 3 leopards' faces or an annulet sa., DE LA POLE. iv. Gu. a fesse ar. between 6 crosslets or, BEAUCHAMP. v. Ar. 7 mascles gu., BRAYBROKE. vi. Or fretty sa., on a chief of the 2nd 3 bezants, ST. AMAND. vii. Ar. a chevron between 3 eagles' claws sa., BRAY, viii. Gu. 3 bends vair, BRAY (Ana), ix. Or on a bend gu. 3 goats passant ar., HALLIWELL. 57 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE x. Sa. a chevron between 3 bulls' heads cabossed ar., NORBURY. xi. Gu. a fesse counter-compony ar. and sa. between 6 crosses formyfitchy ar., BOTELER. xii. Or 2 bends gu., SUDELEY. xiii. Bendy or and az., MONTFORT. xiv. Sa. a cross between 4 butterflies or, CROSIER, xv. Az. a chevron or, D'ABERNON impaling Quarterly of 12 : i. Ar. (sic for or) a fesse fusily az., over all a bend gu., ANGELL. ii. Erm. a fesse fusily sa., SHERBOURNE. iii. Ar. on a chevron az. 3 garbs or, NEWTON (CRADOCK). iv. Gu. 3 pears or, PERROTT. v. Sa. billety and a lion rampant or, HARVEY. vi. Sa. a chevron erm. between 3 escallops ar., CHEDDAR, vii. Az. a bend or between 6 lis ar., HAMPTON, viii. Erm. a fesse gu., BITTON. ix. Gu. a bend or between 6 crosslets ar., FURNEAUX. x. Sa. on a chevron between 3 trees eradicated or an eagle displayed of the field, CALDECOT. xi. Paly or and az., GURNEY. xii. Ar. a saltire with the ends fiory gu., HARPETRE. Sir William Brooke, who succeeded his father as Lord Cobham in 1668, was granted the Hundred of Littlefield by Queen Elizabeth I in her 32nd year (Ha, v, 55). He married (1) Dorothy (d. 1559), dau. of George Nevill, Lord Abergavenny, and (2) Frances, dau, of Sir John Newton, of East Harptree, co. Somerset. The impaled coat is for Newton, the first three quarterings having got out of order. The quarterings are discussed in Arch. Cant., LXII, 64-5. Nos. 6-9, which follow, are shields drawn and painted in coloured enamels on small lozenge-shaped pieces of glass. (6) Quarterly of 8: i. Az. 3 dexter gauntlets or (A), FANE. ii. Ar. a chevron engrailed sa. between 3 pellets (B), DENE, iii. Az. a chief ar., over all a lion rampant or crowned gu. (C), DE LA LEKE. iv. Gu. a cross ar., charged at middle chief point with a crescent sa.; in dexter chief an escutcheon, Or 3 chevrons gu. (D), ST. OWEN. v. Ar. a bend between 6 lis gu. (E), FITZ ELLIS. vi. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Paly ar. and az.; 2 and 3, Erm., all within a bordure az. (F), PERSALL. 58 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE vii. Ar. on a chief sa. 2 wolves' heads erased of the 1st (G), STIDOLPH. viii. Gu. 2 lions passant or (H), BADSELL impaling Quarterly of 6 : i, NEVILL of Abergavenny; ii. NEVILL (Anc.) ; iii, WARENNE ; iv, CLARE ; v, DESPENSER ; vi, BEAUCHAMP. Sir Thomas Fane (d. 1589) and his second wife Mary, dau, and heir of Henry Nevill, Lord Abergavenny (see B20). The quarterings of Fane are accounted for in Vis. 1574, pp. 42-4. (7) FANE quarterly of 8 as No. 6 (dexter) impaling CULPEPER quarterly of 6: i and vi. Ar. a bend engrailed gu., CULPEPER. ii. Ar. a chevron sa. between 9 martlets gu., 6 and 3, HARDRESHULL. iii. Sa. a fesse between 2 chevrons or, ?BAYNARD. iv. Or a cross engrailed gu., HAUT. v. Per pale az. and gu. a lion rampant erm., double queued, CAWNE. Sir Thomas Fane and his first wife Elizabeth, dau. of Thomas Culpeper of Bedgbury. (8) Quarterly, i and iv, Az. on a chevron ar. 3 molets sa., ROBERTS ; ii and hi, Gu. a bend raguly ar. between 2 garbs or, WALWORTH impaling FANE quarterly of 8 as No. 6 (dexter). Walter Roberts of Glassenbury in Cranbrook (d. 1680) and his first wife Catherine, sister of Sir Thomas Fane. (9) FANE quarterly of 6 : i, A ; ii, B ; iii, C ; iv, D ; v, E ; vi, F impaling Quarterly, i and iv, Or a cross engrailed gu., HAUT ; ii and iii. CAWNE as above. John Fane of Tonbridge, great-uncle of Sir Thomas, married Joan, dau. of Edward Haut (Vis. 1619, p. 213). This would be early sixteenth century. (10) In cartouche dated 1567 with ornament, partly in coloured enamels, rather like that in cartouches at Lulhngstone : FANE quarterly of 10 : i and x, A ; ii, B ; iii, C ; iv, D ; v, E ; vi, F ; vii, H ; viii, Sa. 3 wolves' heads erased or ; ix, G impaling Quarterly, i and iv, Paly bendy or and az. an orle of martlets or, HENDLEY; 59 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE ii and iii. Ar. a saltire engrailed ermines between 4 pellets, on a chief az. a hind lodged or, HENDLEY. Crests, dexter, A mailed fist grasping a dagger, and motto as in No. 1 ; sinister, A martlet or. John Fane, brother of Sir Thomas, married Ellen, dau, and coh. of Sir Walter Hendley. Q. viii in the Fane coat has not been identified, but (with the heads argent) is attributed by Papworth to Yscitheor, Prince of Powis. The Fane pedigree (ut supra) makes " Kynwin, Lord Powis " an ancestor of Fane at the time of the (?Norman) conquest. (11) In cartouche similar to the last, but without crests, FANE quarterly of 10 as in No. 10. Third window from east, north side (F) In oval cartouche resembhng that in window D ; quarterly of 20 : i. Or a lion rampant, double queued, vert, DUDLEY, ii. Gu. a cinquefoil erm., FITZ PERNEL, Earl of Leicester, iii. Barry ar. and az., in chief 3 hurts, GREY of Groby. iv. Or a maunch gu., HASTINGS, v. Or a chevron az. vi. Ar. a cross flory az., MALPAS. vii. Ar. a bend sa. viii. Or a fesse doubly cotised az., DELAMARE. ix. Or a lion rampant sa. x. Chequy or and az. a chevron erm., NEUBOURG. xi. Gu. a fesse between 6 crosslets or, BEAUCHAMP. xii. Gu. a chevron between 10 crosses patty ar., BERKELEY, xiii. Or a fesse between 2 chevrons sa., LISLE, xiv. Gu. a leopard ar. [crowned or], GEROLD. xv. Or a saltire between 4 birds sa., GUILDEFORD. xvi. Or a bend az., TEYE (for TEYES : Ar. a chevron gu.). xvii. Ar. a dance sa., WEST. xviii. Quarterly, 1 and 4, Gu. 5 crosslets fitchy or ; 2 and 3, Az 3 leopards' faces jessant de lis or, CANTELOW. xix. Az. 2 bars or, an inescutcheon erm.; on a chief of the 1st 2 palets between 2 gyrons of the 2nd, MORTIMER, xx. Gu. 3 bends enhanced or, GREYLEY. This achievement, which is, no doubt, for Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, Sir Phihp Sidney's uncle, or his brother Ambrose, Earl of Warwick1, has been mutilated at some time, and quarterings v, vii, and ix appear to be intruders, while others are out of the proper order, hi and iv are shown with labels, only one point being indicated in each i cf. C5. 60 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE quartering. The explanation of this is apparent from an achievement of 60 quarterings in Harl. MS. 4199, fol. 187, where it is seen that c. 1590 it was customary to bracket together, as it were, GREY, HASTINGS, VALENCE (not here) and MARSHALL (not here), placing a label of three over the four coats. I do not remember any exact parallel to this arrangement, which gives a rather odd appearance to the achievement. Q.viii, which is not the usual coat of Delamare quartered by Dudley, and Q.xvi, seem to indicate that (as was not uncommon) the glass-painter was given names only for the quarterings, and did not always get his famihes right. For the quarterings see E. A. Greening Lamborn, Arm. Glass of the Oxford Dioc. (1949), pp. 84-5. TR, pp. 805-6 : The East window of this church is composed of beautiful painted glass, collected by the late Earl of Westmorland, and containing the following arms, viz. : I. Gules 3 lions passant guardant Or [ENGLAND]. I I . Argent a chevron Gules between 10 cross crosslets [sa., MEREWORTH]. I I I . . . . on a chief, . . . 2 mullets of six points pierced . . . 1 IV. Or, three chevrons Gules [CLARE]. V. Lozenges, gules and . . . a canton Or. In the east window [of the south chancel] are the effigies of two kings sitting on their thrones, and the three following coats, viz. : I. Cheeky, Or and azure, on a crescent (sic) 3 cinquefoils argent. I I . [MEREWORTH as above.] I I I . Argent a cross engrailed gules [?DALYNGRIGGE]. [Thorpe refers to the monument of Sir Thomas Nevill, 1542, in the north chancel of the old church : it has since been moved to the west end of the south aisle of the present building. " In the North window " over the monument was an achievement quarterly of five, of NEVILL (Abergavenny), NEVILL (Anc), WARRENNE, " the fourth and fifth as the first and second ".] In the East window [of the north chancel] are the two following coats, viz. : I. Gules a chief cheeky Or and azure, over all a bendlet ermine [HAUSTED]. I I . [MEREWORTH.] In one of the North windows is this coat, viz. [MEREWORTH] and under, the effigies of two saints now almost defaced with these inscriptions under them, S. Bartholomeus, S. Johannes ap . . . . And in the next window is this coat, viz. [HAUSTED without the bendlet]. In the South window of the South aisle is this coat, viz. Gules, on a chevron Or three Stars [?sable, for COBHAM of Sterborough]. The shields described by Thorpe cannot now be traced, but most of them must have been of the fourteenth century. The Mereworths' 1 This was, no doubt, Ar. on a chief az. 2 molets pierced or, for William de CLINTON, Earl of Huntingdon, who, at the time of the Black Prince Aid, 20 Edw. III, held Yotes Court in right of his wife Juliana de Leybourne. 61 HERALDIC PAINTED GLASS IN CHURCH OF ST. LAWRENCE estate here, which was held of the honour of Clare, passed in 44 Edw. I l l to the Malmains (Ha, v, 74). The latter's lands in Pluckley (where in the church the arms of Malmains and Mereworth appeared together) had come to them from Humphrey de Hausted in 8 Edw. II (Arch. Cant., XIII, 301). ABBREVIATIONS USED Ha Hasted, History of Kent (8vo ed.), 1797-1801. TR Thorpe, Registrum Roffense, 1769. Vis Visitations of Kent, 1574, 1592, and 1619, pubhshed by the Harleian Society, Vols. LXXIV, LXXV, XLII. 62