General Index

general iNDEX

Illustrations are denoted by page numbers in italics

AS Anglo-Saxon

BA Bronze Age

EIA Early Iron Age

IA Iron Age

LBA Late Bronze Age

LIA Late Iron Age

MBA Middle Bronze Age

RB Romano-British

WWI World War I

WWII World War II

Ackolte, Thomas de 195

Acol, barrows 290, 307, 311

Addington Long Barrow 339, 341, 342, 343, 344, 346, 347

Adisham, barrows 307

Adye, Peter 130

adze, Mesolithic 362

agriculture (farming)

Ash 381

Canterbury 355, 356

Downs 36

Kingsborough, LBA/EIA 93, 100

Monkton 358

Ramsgate, BA 336-7

Sevenoaks area 36-7, 42-3, 45, 47

aircraft debris, WWII 186

air defence, 20th-century 9-11, 13-14, 19, 20

air raid shelters 16-17, 17, 25-6

air raid warden posts 15, 16, 29

Albrincis, William de 195

Alchin, Thomas, miller 230

Aldridge, Neil, ‘Investigations at a pre-historic, Romano-British and early medieval site at Little New House Farm, Headcorn’ 173-90

Alford, Fanny (Frances) 248, 249

Alford, Henry, Dean of Canterbury 247-58

Allhallows, Shakespeare Pit 354

amber see beads

Amherst, Jeffrey 37, 46

Anderida 293

Anderson, Trevor see Moody, Gerald

Andrews, Dury and Herbert, map (1769) 231, 232

Andrus, Francis Sedley, obituary 436

Anglicus, Johannes 73

Anglo-Saxon/Saxon period

Ashford 377, 378

barrows and ring ditches 279, 283-4, 296, 303, 309

Canterbury, pit 356

Deptford area, inhumations 261

feasting utensil 356

Holmesdale, settlements 40

Minster, settlements 86

Monkton 358

Ringlemere, inhumations 363

settlement evidence 386-7

Shrubsoles Hill, settlement 85

see also Kingsborough Manor; pottery; sunken-featured buildings

animal bone

cattle horn cores 382

horse 355

sheep/goat 177, 336

sites

Ashford 376, 378

Canterbury 69, 70, 356

Dover 198, 199, 203

Greenwich 366

Headcorn 176, 179

Kingsborough 88, 89

Medway megaliths 348

Ramsgate 164

Tonbridge 376

Appledore, on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392

aqueduct, Leybourne Stream watermill 225, 229, 236, 239-43, 244

Archaeology South-East 86, 382

archbishop’s palaces, on Gough map 392, 393, 394

Ash

Puma Power Plant 379-82

workhouse 381

Ashbee, Andrew, Snodland and District through Time, reviewed 419-20

Ashbee, Paul, obituary 433-6

Ashenbank Wood, Cobham 19, 29

Ashford

cattle market 47

Foster Road 376-9

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392

Willesborough 372-3

Atlas Wharf, BA wooden structures 261

Aubry, Bruce, William Cuffay Medway’s Black Chartist, reviewed 410-12

Austin, Rupert, and Sheila Sweetinburgh, ‘“My painted chamber” and other rooms: Stephen Hulkes and the history of Calico House, Newnham’ 105-45

axes, BA 261, 271

Ayleswade 187

Bacchus, David, ‘The medieval origins of Phelip’s Lodge, Rochester, and its later development’ 207-24

Barber, M.J., A Man of Many Parts. Professor or Bishop? The Life of Edward Nares 1762-1841, reviewed 420

Barham, barrows 308

Barker-Benfield, B.C. (ed.), St August-ine’s Abbey, Canterbury, Corpus of British Medieval Library Cat-alogues 13, reviewed 401-2

barrow cemeteries 284-6, 287, 288, 291-2, 294, 297

super cemeteries 286, 289, 289

barrow groups 284-6, 287, 288, 291-2

barrows

Anglo-Saxon/Saxon 279, 283-4, 296, 309

disc- or saucer- 279

disposal of the dead 168-9

distribution patterns of round barrows 277-313

henge- (henge-type monuments) 281, 283, 297, 299-301

labour involved in cutting ring ditches 297-8

Monkton, Neolithic/BA 358

Neolithic 279, 283, 358

non-funerary mounds 281-2, 283, 303-5

pond- 279

population 294-6, 297

radiocarbon dating 283, 284, 298

Shrubsoles Hill 85

skeletal material 295

types of enclosures 281-3

Bayle, John 120

beads

BA, amber spacer 90, 100

AS 363

Beaker period 293, 296, 358, 359; see also pottery

Bean 22

Bekesbourne, barrows 307, 312

Belgic tribes 187

Benenden 174

Berg, Mary, and Howard Jones, Norman Churches in the Canterbury Dio-cese, reviewed 403-4

Betsham 9, 10

Betteshanger, barrows 309

Beult river 174, 385-7, 389

Bewl river 385-7

Birchington, barrows 288, 306, 307, 310, 311, 312

bird bone 356

Bishopsbourne, barrows 308

Black Charles manor 41

Blackhall manor 41

blacksmithing waste 200, 203

Blue Bell Hill, megaliths 339, 340, 342, 347

Boclande, Robert de 196

Bodiam (Sussex) 174

Borstal 10

Bough Beech reservoir 57

Bourne, Henry 121

Bourne, John/James 122

Boys Hall, Sevington 378

Brad tributary 39, 40

Bradbourne 42, 51, 53, 56, 58

Brasted 53

Brasted Chart 45

Breeze, Andrew, note on the Celts and the River Beult 385-7

The Brent 9

brewing and breweries

Ash, brewery 381-2

Minster in Thanet 331

brewing and breweries (cont.)

Newnham, brew house 130, 137

Sevenoaks 47, 50, 52

brickearth 38

bricks and brickmaking

carved panels 124, 125

Greenwich 366

Rochester, inscribed 215, 217, 221

Roman 326, 330

Sevenoaks area 38-9, 42, 47, 48, 57

Bridge, cremation urns 161, 162, 303

Brigges, Christopher 131

Brindley, James 244, 245

Broadstairs, barrows 169, 280, 288, 301, 303, 304, 305, 306-7

Brompton

Mid Kent College and Lower Lines 363

Sally port, Royal School of Military Engineering 364

Bronze Age (Early, Middle, Late)

Ash 380

Ashford 376, 377, 378

axes 261, 271

Brompton 364

Dartford 382

Deptford, Deals Gateway site 259-75

distribution patterns of round barrows 277-313

Dover 371

Greenwich Wharf, peat deposits 366

Lynsted, settlement 363

Minster 86

Monkton 358, 359

Otford, burial ground 40

palstaves, MBA 85, 183, 358

population 293-6, 297

Shrubsoles Hill 85

Sutton, single farmsteads 293

trackways 261, 337

Willesborough 372

see also barrows; burnt flint mound; cremation burials; Deptford; flint; Kingsborough Manor; pottery

brooches, AS 363

Brooke, Francis 231

Brooksend, barrows 290, 306

Bucklands, Dover, barrow 280, 303

building materials, Sevenoaks area 36, 37-9, 42, 45

burials

beaker 281, 358

crouched 281, 283, 358

Roman 261, 355

AS/Saxon 261

Monkton 358

Ringlemere 363

Dartford, 7th-8th century 382

Maidstone 370

see also cemeteries; cremation burials

burnt flint mound, MBA 261, 263, 271-2

charcoal 269-71

radiocarbon dating 263, 265, 268-9, 272

struck flint 261, 263, 267, 271

Bushel, John 381

Bynnee 393

Caen stone, cresset lamps 197, 198, 200-1

Camden, Lord (Marquess) 43

Canterbury

prehistoric 355, 356

Roman 68-9

shrine/mausoleum 355

town wall 357

Anglo-Saxon 69, 356

medieval 69-71, 355, 356, 357

post-medieval 71-2, 356, 357

animal bone 69, 70, 356

Augustine House, Rhodaus Town 355-6

Barton Mill 230

Becket’s shrine 389

Cathedral

music 251-3

restoration 255-6

Christ Church Priory 355-6

Christ Church University Sports Centre 356

Church Lane 357

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393

Kings School, St Augustine’s Abbey 356-7

Longport conduit 356

Old Dover Road 355

quadrans novus 65-82

St Mary’s Church, Northgate 357

No.1 Westgate Grove 357

Wymer archive 354

Canterbury Archaeological Trust 105, 191, 225, 355-6

Castle Hill see Folkestone

castles, on Gough map 392-3

causewayed enclosures, Neolithic see Kingsborough Manor

cemeteries

BA burial ground 40

IA, inhumations 358

RB, cremations 337

AS

Cliffs End 96

Minster 86

medieval, Maidstone 370

post-medieval, Canterbury 357

see also barrow cemeteries

Chadborne, William, vicar 119

Charing, on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392, 393

charters, Dover 194-5

Chartland 36, 40, 41, 42-3, 45

Chatham Dockyard 45, 363

Chaucer, Geoffrey 78

Cheney, Sir Thomas 121

Chestnuts chamber 339, 341, 342-3, 343, 344, 346, 347, 348

Chevening 36, 42

Chevening Park (Place) 43, 46

Chiddingstone, Stonewall Park 354

Chipstead 51, 53

bridge 39, 41

Chipstead Lake 56, 57

Christian, Ewan, architect 255-6

Church of England, Victorian 247-58

churches and chapels

Canterbury 356, 357

Maidstone, chapel 370

Sevenoaks area 40, 52

civil defences, Thameside 1-33

Claxfield Farm, Lynsted 363

clay tobacco pipes 197

Cliffe, decoy site 19

Cliffe Fort 6, 7, 10

Cliffs End Farm, nr Ramsgate 96

‘clunch’ 37, 362, 370

Coalhouse Fort (Essex) 6, 7, 11, 21

Cobham

Ashenbank Wood 19, 29

20th-century defences 9, 10, 13, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 25, 27, 29

Cobham Park, Cobham 368

Coffin Stone 339, 341, 342, 346, 346, 347

coin hoards, Roman 85

coins

Roman 173, 175, 176, 178, 185, 186, 315, 329, 355

medieval 363

Coldrum Long Barrow 339, 341, 342, 343, 343, 346, 347, 348

Coldswood Farm, RB site 335, 337

Cold War, military and civil defences 3, 5, 26-8, 29

Connaught Barracks, Dover 371

corn driers (corn-drying ovens), Roman 330, 373

countermine galleries 363

Crampton, Thomas 50

Crayford 10, 20, 354

Cray river 25

cremation burials

Neolithic, Medway megaliths 343

BA

Deptford, LBA 262, 263-4, 265, 267-71, 273

Kingsborough 85, 90, 92, 99, 100

Monkton 358

Ramsgate, LBA 147-72

ring ditches 281, 283

IA and RB

Deptford area 261

Headcorn cemeteries 175, 179, 180, 181

Kingsborough 85, 93, 96

Monkton 358

cresset lamps, Caen stone 197, 198, 200-1

Crow, Edward, Faversham, A New History. Historical gleanings relat-ive to the town of Faversham and parishes adjoining, reviewed 412-14

currency bar, LIA 85

Dane Valley, barrows 290

Darent river 24, 25, 36, 39, 40, 41, 43, 57

crossings 39, 40, 41, 389, 391

Darenth 15, 25

Dartford

air-raid shelters 14

East and West Hills 7, 9, 17

Dartford (cont.)

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392

Holy Trinity School, excavation 382-3

Lowfield Street drill hall 8

military and civil defences 1-33

Overy Street 15

Vickers Factory 12, 19

Wymer’s notebook 354

Dartford Heath 12, 19, 20, 27, 29

Davington, church 118

Davington Priory, Benedictine nunnery 118, 119-20, 121, 122

decontamination facilities 15, 16, 29

deer park 42

Defence of Kent Project 1

Dekker, Elly see Linklater, Andrew

Delaune, Col. William 139

Denne, Walter de 196

Denton, gun batteries 13, 14, 20

Deptford, Deals Gateway, BA features 259-75

MBA burnt flint mound 261, 263, 271-2

charcoal 269-71

radiocarbon dating 263, 265, 268-9, 272

LBA cremation burial 262, 263-4, 271, 273

charcoal 269-71

human bone 267-8

radiocarbon dating 263-4, 265, 268-9

axes 261, 271

gravel islands 261, 263, 264, 273

peat-filled channel 262, 265-6, 268-9, 273

peat formation, Roman 269, 273

plant remains 262

pollen 262-3, 262, 269, 273

postholes 263, 267, 269, 270

pottery 266-7

radiocarbon dating 263-4, 265, 267, 268-9, 272, 273

Deptford Bridge 261

Deptford Creek, mills 261

Dickens, Charles 66, 385, 386

Domesday

Leybourne mill 230

Ship Service 194

Douces Manor 231

Dour valley 293

Dover

Castle 191, 192, 193, 194, 202, 203

Castle Hill Road 193-4

charters 194-5

Connaught Barracks 371

20th-century defences 2

on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392

Laureston Place, Castle Hill 191-205

animal bone 198, 199, 203

blacksmithing waste 200, 203

boundary ditch (undated) 197, 202

Caen stone cresset lamps 197, 198, 200-1

clay pipes 197

fish bone 198, 203

iron key, medieval 198, 199, 200

iron slag 198, 200

marine shell 198, 199, 203

peg-tiles 197

pits 198-9, 202-3

plant remains 198

pottery 197, 198, 199, 202, 203

prehistoric flint 199

smoothing stone 201-2

terraces 199, 202

liberty 194-5

mill 195

Priory 195, 196

St James’s church 196, 202

St Martin’s church 196

Townwall Street 199, 201

Upmarket (and ward) 193, 194, 203

wards 194-5, 196, 197

see also Bucklands; Ringwould

Draper, Gillian, Rye: A History of a Sussex Cinque Port to 1660, reviewed 398-400

Draper, Gillian, and Frank Meddens, The Sea and the Marsh. The medieval Cinque Port of New Romney revealed through archaeo-logical excavations and historical research, reviewed 397-8

droveways 95, 188, 358, 376

the Chartland 40, 41

Dry Hill quarry 38

Dumpton Down, barrows 298

Dumpton Gap, Broadstairs, barrow 280, 304

‘Dunstrete’ 289

Dunton Green 55, 56, 56, 57, 58

eagle and the sun 78

East Kent (Thanet) Access Project 368-9

East Tilbury 7

Eastry, barrows 308, 312

Ebbsfleet stream 16

Elmeston, Erasmus 131

Elmley island 390, 391

Erith 354

Green Level Pumping Station 365

Express Wharf 261

Eynsford 40

Eythorne, barrows 312

farm buildings, Cobham 368

farmsteads

BA 293

Roman 373, 381

Farningham 7, 15, 354

Faversham

Abbey (and abbot) 118, 120

on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392

Fawkham 354

feasting utensil, copper alloy, AS 356

Fellows, Revd Edward 252

fibula, bronze, Roman 187, 189

field systems

late prehistoric-RB 34, 85, 93, 337

Monkton, LBA 358

medieval, Ashford 378

Fiennes, Celia 41

Finglesham, barrows 308, 312

fire insurance wall mark 221, 223

fired clay 95, 176, 177, 178

fish bone 198, 203, 356

flax 99

flint (worked, struck)

Middle Palaeolithic 362

Mesolithic 183, 379

Neolithic 88, 89-90

Neolithic-BA 261, 263, 267, 271

Late Neolithic/EBA 334

BA 183, 379

LBA 334, 336

mining and preparation 379

prehistoric 183, 197, 199, 355, 356

Tonbridge 376

Willesborough 373

see also burnt flint mound

flint, as building material 37, 45

Foche, William 196

Folkestone, Castle Hill, barrows 280, 302

Fordwich 354

Foreness Point, barrows 290

Fort Halstead 54, 56, 57

four-post structures, IA 93, 95, 99

Frindsbury 354

Frittenden Church 187

fuel

BA 269

Roman 331

fuel ash slag 95

Fylkes, John 120

Gardner, William 381

gavelkind 42

GHQ Stop Line 21-4, 22, 29

Gillingham 354

glass, RB 96

Gough, Richard, map 387-95

Grain 7

island on Gough map 390, 391

granaries 95

gravel extraction 38, 57

Gravesend

air-raid shelters 14

airfield 13, 14, 19, 20, 25, 26, 29

20th-century civil and military defence 8, 9, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 29

control centres 27, 28

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392

Grange Road 12

Harmer Street 15

King’s Farm 16

Milton Barracks 8, 11, 12, 25, 27

Milton Road drill hall 8

Old Road West 17

Whitehall Place 11

Windmill Hill 9

Gravesham, military and civil defences 1-33

Greatness(e) 42

brickworks 39

council houses and cemetery 53, 55

mill and pond 40, 47, 53

road 46

Green Street Green 19, 20, 27, 29

Greenhithe

20th-century defence 15, 22, 27

Knockhall 15

Stone Castle Pit 354

Greenwich, National Maritime Mus-eum 365-6

Greenwich Market, Greenwich Church Street 367

Greenwich Wharf 366-7

Grover, Daniel 47-8

Guzzlebrook 40

Hake, Robert 252, 256

Halfway House 85

Halstead 45

hammerscale 198, 200, 376

Hammond, Stephen, ‘Bronze Age features, including a burnt mound, at Deals Gateway (former Deptford Pumping Station), Deptford’ 259-75

Hann, Andrew, The Medway Valley: a Kent landscape transformed, reviewed 406-8

Hartley, searchlight 10

Hartsland 38, 39

Harty

church 118

island on Gough map 390, 391

Hasted, Edward (1798 map) 43, 44, 45, 116, 231

Hawley, James 231, 245

hazelnut shells 89, 98

Headcorn, Little New House Farm site 173-90

early prehistoric 173, 187

prehistoric, lithic material 183

MBA palstave 183

Iron Age

ditch 178, 187

pottery 178, 179, 181

round-house 175, 178, 181, 182, 187

Roman/RB 173, 174, 174, 176, 181, 186, 187

cremation cemetery 175, 179, 180, 181

human bone, cremated 176, 179, 181, 188-90

iron slag and ironworking 176, 181, 186, 187

military belt plate 178, 183-4, 183, 187

pottery 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 186-7, 188-9

structures 177-8, 179

stud 184-5, 185

weights 176, 186-7

medieval 175, 179

WWII aircraft debris 186

animal bone 176, 177, 179

burnt clay 178-9

fired clay (ovens/kilns?) 176, 177, 178

hearths

BA 376, 378

medieval 371, 373

hemp and hemp barns 195

henge monuments (henge-barrows) 281, 283, 297, 299-301

Herne Bay 354

Herries family 43, 45

Higham, 20th-century defences 3, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 17, 22, 24, 24, 25

hill fort, IA 40

Hillingdon, Lord 53

Hitchings, Guy, Speldhurst Church: its story and its windows, reviewed 418-19

Hogben, Brian M., ‘Henry Alford, Dean of Canterbury (1857-71), and the Victorian Church of England’ 247-58

Holborough, barrows 280, 300

Hollins Bottom, barrows 290

Holmesdale, Vale of 36, 38, 40, 42-3, 45

Holocene landscape 369

Home Guard 21, 24-5, 27, 28

Honor Oak Park Sports Ground, Lewis-ham 367-8

Honywood, Fraser 231

hook, iron 177

hop growing 130

Horns Cross 13

hospitals

Dartford, medieval leper 382

Maidstone 370

Sevenoaks 52-3

Hulkes, Elizabeth 135-6

Hulkes (Hulse) family 105, 135, 136, 139; see also Hulse

Hulkes, Johan, wife of Stephen 124, 131, 135

Hulkes, John 128, 131, 133, 135, 139

Hulkes, Stephen 105-6, 116, 122-31

Hulkes, Stephen (?son) 128

Hulkes, Thomas 128, 131, 135, 139

Hulse, Charles 136, 139

Hulse, Edward 139

Hulse, Elizabeth 137, 138

Hulse, John (d.1682) 133-4, 136-9

Hulse, John (d.1713; son of Nathaniel) 136, 138

Hulse, John (son of Charles) 136

Hulse, Nathaniel 136, 138, 139

Hulse, Strensham 139

human skeletal remains

Neolithic megaliths 342, 343, 348

BA barrows 295

LBA cremation, Ramsgate 147, 149, 153, 154-5, 157, 158, 160, 162-9

Roman, cremated 176, 179, 181, 188-90

Swanscombe skull 350, 351, 354

Hythe, on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392

Ightham 354

Iron Age

Ash 380

Ashford 376, 377, 378

Aylesford, cemetery 340

Brompton 364

currency bar 85

Dartford 382

Deptford area, pit 261

Monkton, settlement and cemetery 358

Otford hill fort 40

Shrubsoles Hill, settlement 85

West Cliff, Ramsgate 170

Willesborough 373

see also Headcorn; Kingsborough Manor; pottery

iron-pan concretion (iron deposits) 174-5, 187

iron slag

MIA 95

RB 176, 181, 187

medieval 198, 200

iron smelting 175, 181

ironworking

MIA 95

RB/Roman, Headcorn 173, 174, 185, 186, 187

Roman, Swanscombe 373

Isidore of Seville 78

Jones, Thomas Evance, organist 252

Joyce Green, airfield 9, 10

Kemsing 36, 51

Kent Archaeological Society 105

Kettleswell, droveway 40

key, medieval, iron 198, 199, 200

Killick, Sian, note on the Neolithic landscape and experience: the Medway megaliths 339-49

Killingray, David, ‘Influences shaping the human landscape of the Seven-oaks area since c.1600’ 35-64

kiln, pottery 71-2; see also under Minster in Thanet, Abbey Farm Roman villa

Kimpton (Hants), BA vessel 161, 162

Kingsborough Manor, Isle of Sheppey 83-103

Neolithic causewayed enclosures 85, 86, 87, 88-90, 93, 96, 98, 100

plant remains 98

pottery 88, 89, 92, 98

radiocarbon dating 89

stone axe 89

Bronze Age 90-3, 91, 100

cremation cemeteries 90, 92, 99, 100

plant remains 99

pottery 90, 92, 93, 95, 100

radiocarbon dating 90, 92

Late Bronze Age/Early Iron Age 93

Iron Age 93-5, 94

cremation/pyre deposit 93, 99

enclosures 93, 95

four-post structures 93, 95, 99

pottery 93, 95

radiocarbon dating 93

Middle Iron Age

droveway 95

ironworking and iron slag 95

nine-post structure 95

Romano-British 94, 95-6

cremations 96

Kingsborough Manor, Sheppey

Romano-British (cont.)

droveways 95

field system 95

glass bottle 96

plant remains 99

pottery 95, 96

Roman coin hoard 85

Anglo-Saxon 96, 97

pottery 95, 96

radiocarbon dating 96

shellfish dump 96

sunken-featured building 96, 100

medieval and later 97, 98, 100

field system 98

plant remains 99

pottery 98

animal bone 88, 89

charcoal 98, 99

plant remains and pollen 98-9

radiocarbon dating 89, 90, 92, 93, 96

Kingston, barrows 308

Kippington 42, 43, 51, 52, 55, 56

Kits Coty House 339, 340, 341, 342, 343, 345, 346, 347

Knockholt 46

Knole

great house 37, 42, 52

manor 41

Knole Paddock 57

Knole Park 42, 52, 53, 55, 56, 60

Lambard[e], Thomas 42, 46

lamps see cresset lamps

land drains, post-medieval 382

Langdon, barrows 309, 312

Lavender, Thomas, miller 231

Lawson, Terence, note on the details of Kent shown on the Gough map 387-95

Leeds castle/priory, on Gough map 388, 389, 391, 392

Len tributary 389

Lewisham, Honor Oak Park Sports Ground 367-8

Leybourne Grange 230

Leybourne Manor 230

Leybourne Stream watermill 225-46

aqueduct 225, 229, 236, 239-43, 244

leats and ditches 225, 235, 239, 243, 244, 245

mill pond 225, 230, 231, 233, 244, 245

wheel 233-5, 245

Leysdown, coin hoard 85

Lillechurch 24

lime works 37

Linklater, Andrew, and Elly Dekker, ‘The discovery of a quadrans novus at the House of Agnes, St Dunstan’s Street, Canterbury’ 65-82

linseed 99

Little Farningham 174

Little Kits Coty 339, 341, 342, 343, 345, 347

Littlebrook 5

Livesey, Gabriel 122, 128

Lodge Hill naval ammunition stores 9

London

Abbey of St Mary Graces 230

Quebec Chapel 250, 252

St Botolph’s without Bishopsgate 43

London Air Defence Area 9, 12

London Defence Positions 7

long house, Neolithic 347

Longfield 25

Longford, bridge 39, 41

Longford Mill 53

Longhurst, William, organist 252

loom weight, BA 363

Lord of the Manor, Ramsgate, barrows 280, 281, 297, 299-304, 310

Lovelace, William, lawyer 121

Lower Greensand 36

Luddesdown 14, 19

Lullingstone Roman Villa, Eynsford 40, 364

Lynsted, Claxfield Farm 363

MacDougall, Philip (ed.), Chatham Dockyard, 1815-1865. The indust-rial transformation, reviewed 414-15

Macpherson-Grant, Nigel see Moody, Gerald

Maidstone

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 393

St Peter’s Church 370

St Peter’s Wharf 370

Manston, barrow 280, 298

Margate 291

barrows 288, 306, 307, 311

see also Northdown

Mari, John de 196

marine shells 69, 70, 198, 199, 203

shellfish dump, AS 96

Marley Tile Company 57

Martin, David and Barbara, Rye Rebuilt: Regeneration and decline within a Sussex Cinque Port Town, 1350-1660, reviewed 398-400

Maunsell, Guy 25

mausoleum, Roman 355

Maylam, Richard (ed.), Percy Maylam’s The Kent Hooden Horse, reviewed 417-18

medieval period

Ashford 378

Canterbury 69-71, 355, 356, 357

coins 363

Dartford 382

Deptford area 261

Greenwich Market 367

Greenwich Wharf tide mill 366

lead seal matrix 179

Lynsted 363

Maidstone 370

Monkton 358, 361, 362

Orpington Hospital 379

Rochester, Phelip’s Lodge 207-24

roof tile 337

Tonbridge 374

Weavering 371

Willesborough 373

see also Dover, Laureston Place; Headcorn; Newnham; pottery; quadrans novus

Medway megaliths, Neolithic 339-49

animal bone 348

human remains 342, 343, 348

intervisibility 339-40, 341, 347

on Gough map? 389

orientation and axis 346

restricted views 343-6

Medway river 2, 340, 342, 343, 346, 348-9

crossing points 389, 391, 392

locks 45

megaliths see Medway megaliths

Meopham 17

Mesolithic

flint 183, 358, 379

Ringlemere 362

tools 261

metalworking

Ashford, LBA 378

Tonbridge 376

Metaphysical Society 256

Miles, Alec, obituary 437

military belt plate, Roman 178, 183-4, 183, 187

military and civil defences, 20th-century 1-33

Mills, Thomas, vicar 135

mills

Canterbury mill house 357

Deptford Creek 261

Dover 195

Greenwich 366

Leybourne Stream 225-46

Sevenoaks area 40, 47

millstone, Roman 321, 328

Milton Barracks, Gravesend 8, 11, 12, 25, 27

Milton Range 8, 8

Milton Rifle Range 13, 29

Minnis Bay, barrows 288, 289-90, 306

Minster

Abbey 86, 121

Anglo-Saxon period 86

barrows 289, 310, 311

coin hoard 85

LBA/EIA enclosure 86

MBA artefacts from foreshore 85

Minster in Thanet 86

Minster in Thanet, Abbey Farm Roman villa, Building 7 kiln or oven structure 315-32

brewing/breweries 331

brick or tile 326, 330

Building 6: 330

coins 315, 329

corn-drying ovens 330-1

fuel 331

gully features 324-6, 329

nails 324

plant remains 323

post-built structures (barn or shed) 326-9, 331

pottery 315, 324, 326, 329, 331

quern/millstone 321, 328

Minster in Thanet, Roman villa (cont.)

water supply 331

Monkton

Neolithic 358, 359

BA 161, 162, 358, 359

barrow replica 297

round barrows 280, 289, 299, 310, 358

IA 358, 359

Roman 358, 360

AS 358

medieval 358, 361, 362

Thanet Earth 357-62

Montreal House 43

Montreal Park 37, 46, 55, 56

Moody, Gerald, ‘The Roman villa complex at Abbey Farm, Minster in Thanet. Part 7: Building 7, a late Roman kiln and post-built structures’ 315-32

Moody, Gerald, Nigel MacPherson-Grant and Trevor Anderson, ‘Later Bronze Age cremation at West Cliff, Ramsgate’ 147-72

Mortimer, Ian, The Dying and the Doctors: the medical revolution in seventeenth-century England, reviewed 405-6

Mudge’s map (1801) 231

Munich Crisis 14-15, 29

Museum of London Archaeology (MOLA) 365-71, 372, 373, 374, 379

musketry training 7-8

Nailbourne valley 293

nails 177, 190, 198, 324

National Maritime Museum, Greenwich 365-6

Neolithic

barrows 279, 283, 358

long house 347

Medway megaliths 339-49

Monkton 358

trackways 261

Willesborough 372

see also Kingsborough Manor

Netherhale Farm 161, 162

New Tavern Fort, Gravesend 6-7, 6, 11, 13, 28, 29

Newenham, Fulk de 118, 122

Newenham, Hugh de 118

Newnham

Calico House, medieval origins 105-45

church 117-19, 122, 136

Newnham Court sand mines 371

Newnham Park, Weavering 371

nine-post structures

MIA 95

AS, Monkton 358

Northbourne, barrows 308

Northdown, Margate, barrows 280, 288, 301, 306, 311

North Downs 36, 45, 47, 54

megaliths 340, 343, 346, 347, 348-9

Northfleet 354

Bowater’s Paper Mill 13

20th-century defences 5, 8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 17, 19, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29

minewatchers’ post 21, 23, 29

Red Lion Wharf 25

Northumberland Bottom 13, 14, 20, 27

Norwood Manor 85, 86, 100

Nouaille family 40, 47

nunnery see Davington Priory

Okingfold, Thomas 120-1

Orpington Hospital, Sevenoaks Road 379

Ospringe, on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392, 394

Otford 36

archbishop’s palace 38, 40

BA burial ground 40

bridge 39

on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392, 393

housing development 51

IA hill fort 40

Otterden, parsonage 122

ovens/kilns 176, 178

ovens, medieval 261

Oxford Archaeology 86

Oxney, Isle of 391

Ozengell, Ramsgate, barrows 284, 290, 296, 310

Pack, Thomas 119

palaeolithic

archaeology 350-4

flake 362

Palmer, Samuel 45

Palmerston, Lord 250-1

palstaves, MBA 85, 183, 358

Panthurst Park 42, 45

paper mills, paper making 40, 47, 52

Parfitt, Keith, ‘The medieval Upmarket ward of Dover: archaeological evidence from Laureston Place, Castle Hill’ 191-205

Park Place 46

peg-tiles 70, 71, 197, 215, 220, 371

Pegwell, barrows 290

Pegwell Bay 354

Perkins, Dave, ‘The distribution patterns of Bronze Age round barrows in north-east Kent’ 277-313

Peters Village, Wouldham 369-70

Pfyffers, Theodore 256

Phelips (Phillips), Walter 207

Philippa of Hainault 393

Pike, Geoffrey, and Michael Crux, History in a City Street: St Margaret’s, Canterbury, reviewed 419

Pilgrim’s Way 389, 394

pillboxes 21, 24, 29

Pipe Line Under the Ocean (PLUTO) 26

placenames

Beult and Bewl 385-7

the Chartland 36

Newnham 118

quarries 38

plant remains

Ashford 376, 378

Canterbury, AS 356

Deptford 262

Dover 198

Kingsborough Manor 98-9

Minster in Thanet, Roman 323

Tonbridge 376

West Cliff, Ramsgate 155

Pleistocene gravel 365

Polebrook Farm 43

Polhill 46

pollen

Deptford 262-3, 262, 269, 273

Kingsborough 98

pottery

prehistoric 169-70, 290, 356, 383

Neolithic 169, 267, 342, 343

Mildenhall or Decorated 89

BA 90, 92, 93, 95, 100, 169, 267, 376

Beaker 279, 281, 283

Bucket Urns 283

Deverel-Rimbury 151, 152-3, 152, 157, 161-2, 169-70, 283

flint tempered 266-7, 334, 336

Ramsgate, LBA cremation 147, 149, 152, 153-5, 154, 156, 157-62, 163, 164-70

IA/LIA 93, 95, 169, 170, 178, 179, 181, 324, 329

‘Belgic’ style/Early Roman 169, 170, 178, 179

RB/Roman 69, 95, 96, 169, 170, 176, 177, 178, 179, 181, 186-7, 188-9, 315, 324, 329, 331, 337, 355, 371, 376, 382-3

amphora 337

coarse greyware 337

‘East Sussex ware’ 176

Gallo Belgic Terra Nigra 170

Greyware 188

Late Roman Oxfordshire colour-coated ware 170

Patchgrove-type 186-7, 188, 189

Redware 189

samian 177, 178, 179, 186, 198

Anglo-Saxon/Saxon 69, 95, 96, 326, 355, 356, 378

Middle to Late Saxon sandy greyware 96

medieval 70, 71, 72, 98, 169, 170, 197, 198, 199, 202, 203, 382-3

Canterbury Tyler Hill sandy ware 170

Tyler Hill ware 337

post-medieval 169, 197

pottery wasters, post-medieval 71-2

Powell, Andrew B.

note on a late prehistoric enclosure and field system at Haine Road, Ramsgate 334-9

note on preserving the John Wymer archive 350-4

Pratt, Simon, Peter Seary and Sheila Sweetinburgh, ‘The mill on the Leybourne Stream and its water management in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries’ 225-46

Pre-Construct Archaeology 379

prehistoric

Canterbury 355, 356

Express Wharf 261

Greenwich Wharf 366-7

palaeolithic archaeology 350-4

Ramsgate, enclosure and field system 334-9

see also flint; Headcorn; pottery

Profatius Judeus 73, 74

Pugin, Augustus Welby 249, 255

Puma Power Plant, Ash 379-82

pyre debris, BA

Deptford 263, 268, 269, 273

Kingsborough 90, 93, 99

Ramsgate 165, 167-8

quadrans novus, medieval 70, 72-80

quarries 37, 38, 47, 98

Quarry Hill 38

Queenborough Castle 387, 391, 392, 393-4

quernstones

Neolithic 88, 89

IA 261

RB/Roman 96, 179

radiocarbon dating

Ashford 378

barrows 283, 284, 298

Deptford 263, 265, 267, 268-9, 273

Kingsborough Manor 89, 90, 92, 93, 96

West Cliff, Ramsgate 155, 157, 162

ragstone, Kentish rag 36, 37-8, 42, 43

railways 3, 35, 36, 38-9, 46, 47, 48-50, 51, 54, 58

railway track 370

Ramsgate

barrows 306, 307, 310, 311

Chalk Hill, Neolithic pottery 89

Haine Road 334-9

enclosure, late prehistoric 334-7

field system 337

flint, Late Neolithic/EBA 334

medieval 337

pottery vessel, BA 334, 336

RB 337

Manston Road, settlement 335, 336, 337

West Cliff LBA cremation 147-72

animal bone 164

human remains 147, 149, 153, 154-5, 157, 158, 160, 162-9

IA activity 170

mound or cairn 149, 168, 169

pit deposits 149, 153-7, 158-60, 162-4

plant remains 155

radiocarbon dating 155, 157, 162

ring ditch (gully) 147, 149-53, 157-8, 168, 169

Roman ditch (B) 149, 151, 158, 170

see also Lord of the Manor

Ravensbourne river 259, 261, 271, 389

Reculver 354

Red House Farm, late prehistoric site 335, 337

Richborough 354

ring ditches

BA 278-9, 281

labour involved in cutting 297-8

Saxon 283-4

types of enclosures 281-3

see also Ramsgate, West Cliff

Ringlemere, Woodnesborough 362-3

Ringwould, Dover 165, 280, 282, 283, 302, 308, 312

river defences, 20th-century 5-7, 11, 21-5

Riverhead 56, 57

rivers and streams 39-40

roads 45-6, 54, 58-60

Roman 174, 187-8, 368, 373

Robertsbridge (Sussex) 389

Rochester

bridge 389

Cathedral 207, 214

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 391, 392

Phelip’s Lodge, medieval origins 207-24

St Andrew’s Priory 213-14, 221

Roman/Romano-British period

Ash 380-1

burials 261, 355

Canterbury 68-9, 355, 357

coin hoards 85

Deptford area 261

Express Wharf 261

ironworking 173, 185, 186, 187, 313

Lullingstone villa 364

Monkton 358, 360

peat formation 269, 273

Roman/Romano-British period (cont.)

Ramsgate area, settlement and farm-ing 337

Ringlemere, boundary ditches 363

Sevenoaks area 40

Swanscombe 373

temple 340

tile and brick dumps 364

West Cliff, Ramsgate 149, 151, 158, 170

see also coins; cremation burials; Headcorn; Minster in Thanet; pottery; roads; villas

Romney, on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392

Romney Marsh 391

hemp 195

roof structures, medieval and later 207, 209-13, 215, 220, 221

roof tiles

Roman 329, 330

medieval 337

roofing slates 39

Rother river 391

round barrows (BA), distribution patterns 277-313

roundhouses

BA 376

IA 175, 178, 181, 182, 187

Rowley, Chris, The Lost Powder Mills of Leigh, reviewed 408-10

Ruderman, Arthur, obituary 437-8

St Julian’s (gentry house) 43

St Margaret’s, barrows 308-9

St Nicholas at Wade, barrows 280, 290, 305

St Peter’s Wharf, Maidstone 370

saltworking mounds 86

sand pits 38

Sandwich, on Gough map 388, 390, 391, 392

Sare, Ady 122, 128

Saxo-Norman, Dartford 382

Schuster, Jorn, ‘The Neolithic to post-medieval archaeology of Kingsbor-ough, Eastchurch, Isle of Sheppey: from monuments to fields’ 83-103

Seal Hollow Road 41, 46

seal matrix, lead, medieval 179

Seary, Peter see Pratt, Simon

Sevenoaks

almshouses 37

Bat and Ball 49, 50, 55

Bligh’s, High Street 47

Bradbourne Farm 42

Bradbourne Park Road 51

building materials 37-9

Chantry 42

cinemas 53

Cramptons Road gas works 49

20th-century defences 11

Golding Road 48

High Street 43, 58, 60

Hitchen Hatch Lane 48, 57

hospitals 52-3

human landscape of area 35-64

‘le Vyne’ 41

Lime Tree Walk 48

market place 40-1

Mount Harry Road 51

Oak Lane pumping station 50

Otford Road brickworks 47, 48

parish 41-8

The Red House 42

Rockdale 56

St Julian’s 37-8

St Nicholas church 37, 41, 42, 60

schools 53-4, 57

Solefields 55, 56

Suffolk Terrace 47

Tub’s Hill 48, 49, 50, 52, 57

The Vine 52, 53, 60

Woodside Road 51

Sevenoaks Park 42

Sevenoaks Wildlife Reserve 57

Shaftesbury, Lord 250-1

Sheerness 7

Shene, Robert, vicar 121

Sheppey 354

geology 85

on Gough map 390, 391, 393-4

see also Kingsborough Manor

Shoreham 40

bridge 39

memorial 54

mill 40, 47

railway 49

Shorne

barrow 280, 303

20th-century defences 3, 17, 22, 25, 27, 29

Shorne (cont.)

Laughing Water 19

Shornemead Fort 5, 7, 8, 11, 13, 19, 20, 23, 26, 28, 29

Shottendane Valley, barrows 291

shrines, Roman 355, 373

Shrubsoles Hill 85, 92, 93

sickle, MBA 85

silk mill 40, 47

Silvertown, Neolithic trackway 261

Singlewell 9, 10

Sittingbourne, on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 392, 394

slag, metalworking 376; see also iron slag

Slough Fort, Allhallows 7

Smarden/Romden ironworking site 174

Smith, Victor T.C., ‘Kent’s twentieth-century military and civil defences: part 1 - Thameside’ 1-33

smoothing stone 201-2

South Shields (Tyne and Wear), Roman belt 184, 184

Southfleet 9, 22, 25

spearhead, MBA 85

Springhead, Ebbsfleet 354

Stanhope, Earl of 43, 46

steelyard weight, lead 176, 186

Stirrup, Thomas 231

Stone 25

Stonehenge 291, 292

Stonepitts quarry 38

Stour river 357, 389, 391

Stour valley 293

Strahan, Alexander 248, 253

Strood 15

stud, copper alloy, Roman 184-5, 185

Stukeley, William 279, 340, 342

Sturry 354

Sundridge

bridge 41

mill and pond 40, 47, 57

sunken-featured buildings, AS 96, 100

Ashford 378

Minster 86

Monkton 358, 362

Sutton, barrows 309, 312

Sutton at Hone 25

Sutton Barrow Landscape (Sutton Wedge) 285, 286-7, 291-4

Swanscombe

civil defence 15, 16, 17, 22, 25, 27

High School, RB 373

human skull 350, 351, 354

Sweetinburgh, Sheila see Austin, Rupert; Pratt, Simon

tegulae, Roman 177, 179, 187, 197

Teise river 389, 392

Temple, Frederick 247

Tenterden 386

Territorial Army 12, 13, 19, 27, 29

tesserae 364

Thames river (Thameside), 20th-century military and civil defences 1-33

Thames Valley Archaeological Services 259

Thanet 278

on Gough map 390, 391

Militia 296

‘Thanatos’ 296

Thanet Barrow Landscape 285, 287-93, 294-7

Thistle Hill 85

Thomas at Style 120

Tilbury (Essex) 5, 391

Tilbury Docks 5

Tilbury Fort 6, 7

tiles

dog paw print, RB 96

Roman 179, 187, 364

see also tegulae

Tilmanstone, barrows 308, 312

timber 43, 45

as building material 37, 42

timber-framing see Newnham, Calico House

Tivoli Brook 291

Tonbridge 45, 47

Capitol Cinema 374-6

on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 392

Toys Hill 36, 45, 52

trackways

Neolithic and BA 261

LBA 337

Trust for Thanet Archaeology 147

Tunbridge Wells 15, 45

turnpikes 45-6, 54

Tuson, Dan, The Kent Downs, reviewed 415-17

Tylmanstone, Luke de 196

Ulcombe 187, 188

Vasili, Phil, Walter Tull, 1888-1918: Officer, footballer. All the guns in France couldn’t wake me, reviewed 410-12

Victoria, Queen 147

Vigo, camp 25, 29

villas, RB/Roman 40, 315-32, 337

volunteer movement, 20th-century 7-8

votive offerings

Canterbury 355

Headcorn 178

wall paintings, Calico House 124, 127, 128

Walter, Hubert, archbishop 118

Wantsum Channel 287, 289, 290, 293, 369

Wantsum (west of) 278

Warden Point, Sheppey 354

Warham, Archbishop 38

Warren Farm chambered tomb 346, 347

watermills, Leybourne Stream 225-46

Watling Street 3, 24, 209, 355, 382, 388, 389, 391, 392, 394

Weald 37, 43

Wealden form of building 106, 116

Weavering, Newnham Park 371

weights, lead and bronze 185-6

wells, medieval 70, 71

Wessex Archaeology 86, 352-3, 376

Wessex barrows 292, 294, 297

Westerham 11

Westerham Hill 36

West Heath (W. Sussex), barrows 281-2

West Malling, mill house and mill 231, 244

West Malling Stream 230, 231, 235, 244

Westwood, RB site 335, 337

White Horse Stone 339, 341, 342, 345, 346, 347

Whitley Forest, mill 40

Whitworth, Charles 231

Whitworth, Charles (d.1742) 231

Whitworth, Francis 230-1

Wilderness[e] 43, 51, 53, 55, 56, 57

Willesborough, Ashford 372-3

Wilmington 22, 25

Windmill Hill, Gravesend 9

Wolnoth, John 195

woodland 43, 98, 99, 293, 378

activities 36

fuel from 269, 271

workhouse 52

World War I

agriculture 47

defences 2, 9-12, 28

hospital 379

World War II

agriculture 47

aircraft debris 186

airfield approach beacon 362

anti-glider ditches 338

military and civil defences 2, 15-26, 28, 29

Nore Command 363

Wouldham

barrow 280, 304

Peters Village 369-70

Wright, David, St Peter’s, Whitstable: a history of the church, parish and people, reviewed 418-19

Wrotham 11

Wye Bridge 230

Wye Downs 354

Wymer, John, archive of 350-4

Wymeswold (Leics) 249, 250, 252

Yalding, on Gough map 388, 389, 390, 392

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