Front matter, Volume 137

Archæologia Cantiana

Ian Coulson, President of the Society 2011-15

Shown here leading a ‘Hands on History’ study day in Folkestone (March 2013)

Archæologia Cantiana

Being Contributions to the History and Archaeology of Kent

VOLUME CXXXVII

²⁰¹⁶

Published by the

KENT ARCHÆOLOGICAL SOCIETY

Registered Charity no. 223382

© 2016 Kent Archaeological Society

ISSN 0066-5894

Produced for the Society by Past Historic, Kings Stanley, Gloucestershire

Printed in Great Britain

NOTICES

1. Neither the Hon. Editor nor the KAS Council as a whole is answerable for opinions put forward in this Work. Each contributor is alone responsible for the contents of his/her paper.

2. ‘Notes for the Guidance of Contributors’ can be found on the Society’s website or in Archaeologia Cantiana, 135 (2014), p. iv.

3. Members are urged to encourage friends and colleagues, interested in archaeology/history, to join the Society. Young people (under 25 years) are offered a much reduced membership fee. An expansion of membership would enable the Society to publish a larger volume of material and provide more practical assistance for private researches. Information about the Society’s activities and a membership application form may be downloaded from the website: www.kentarchaeology.org.uk  

4. Subscriptions are due on the lst of January each year and should be paid only to the Hon. Membership Secretary. It would be a great convenience if members could pay their subscriptions by banker’s order. Members who do not pay by this means are requested to settle their subscriptions promptly. (A notice will be sent out in December for renewal of membership the following January). Details of subscription rates and payment by banker’s order may be obtained from the Hon. Membership Secretary, to whom any change of address should be notified. (Mrs S. Broomfield, 8 Woodview Crescent, Hildenborough, Tonbridge, Kent, TN11 9HD; membership@kentarchaeology.org.uk)

5. Legacies have contributed much to the strength and independence of the Society. The Hon. Treasurer would be pleased to hear from any member who would like to bequeath money or other assets. Additional contributions in the form of donations, including those for particular activities of the Society, are also very welcome and should be sent to the Hon. Treasurer (B.F. Beeching, Holly House, Church Road, Hoath, Canterbury, Kent, CT3 4JT; treasurer@kentarchaeology.org.uk).

6. The Society’s room at Maidstone Museum is open to members who wish to consult its reference library. (It is essential to bring your membership card.) The Hon. Librarian (Mrs R.G. Smalley, co-opted Dec. 2015) can be contacted at librarian.

Cover illustration: Members of the KAS Study Group on First World War Defences in Kent (Alan Anstee and Richard Emmett) surveying a Great War pillbox at Stockbury in 2015. (Photo by Alan Anstee)

KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY

officers and members of the council, ¹st january ²⁰¹⁶

President

Vacant

Patrons

THE VISCOUNT DE L’ISLE, m.b.e.

THE COUNTESS SONDES

A.I. MOFFAT

C.R. POUT, m.a.

J. WHYMAN, ph.d., b.sc. (econ), assoc.cipd

Vice-Presidents

MRS S. BROOMFIELD, f.s.a.

M.L.M. CLINCH, b.a.

R.F. LEGEAR, m.c.i.f.a.

E.P. CONNELL

Honorary Editor

T. G. LAWSON, m.a.(cantab), dip.kent.hist.

Lynwood, 102 Lower Vicarage Road, Kennington, Ashford, TN24 9AP

Honorary General Secretary

R.N. COCKCROFT, b.sc.(hons), a.r.c.s., ph.d., d.i.c., c.m.r.s.

30, Woodlands Road, Willesborough, Ashford, TN24 0AE

Honorary Treasurer

B. F. BEECHING, b.a.(hons), m.a.

Holly House, Church Road, Hoath, Canterbury, CT3 4JT

Honorary Librarian

Vacant

Honorary Membership Secretary

MRS S. BROOMFIELD, f.s.a.

8 Woodview Crescent, Hildenborough, Tonbridge, TN11 9HD

Honorary Curator

A. F. RICHARDSON, b.a.(hons), m.phil., ph.d., f.s.a.

Chiltern, 5 Farthingloe Cottages, Little Farthingloe,

Folkestone Road, Dover, CT15 7AA

Elected Members of the Council

H. Basford. Canterbury

P. Burton Charing

R.A.C. Cockett Gravesend

G. Cramp, ph.d Longfield

E.C. Edwards, ph.d Canterbury

K.J. Fryer Sheerness

P. Jardine-Rose Sittingbourne

K.H. Kersey, b.a. Bearsted

P.M. Reid, ph.d. Faversham

S.M. Sweetinburgh, ph.d. Canterbury

C.P. Ward Otford

S.H. Willis, ph.d. Canterbury

Editorial Personnel

Honorary Editor Terence Lawson

terryglawson@btinternet.com

Book Reviews Editor Dr Elizabeth Edwards

Woodview,

13 Town Road,

Petham,

Canterbury,

Kent CT4 5QT

ecedwards84@googlemail.com

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the Kent Archaeological Society.