Front matter, Volume 126
Archæologia Cantiana
Images of Kent No. 4. St Laurence Church, Hawkhurst (from the KAS Library Collections)
Archæologia Cantiana
Being Contributions to the History and Archaeology of Kent
VOLUME CXXVI
2006
Published by the
KENT ARCHÆOLOGICAL SOCIETY
Registered Charity no. 223382
© 2006 Kent Archaeological Society
ISSN 0066-5894
Produced for the Society by Past Historic, Kings Stanley, Gloucestershire
Printed in Great Britain
NOTICES
1. Neither the Council nor the Hon. Editor is answerable for opinions put forward in this work. Each contributor is alone responsible for the contents of his/her paper.
2. ‘Notes for the Guidance of Contributors to Archaeologia Cantiana’ is published in this volume at pp. 443-4.
3. An expansion of membership would enable the Society to publish a larger volume of material and provide more practical assistance for private researches. Information about the Society’s activities and forms of application for membership may be obtained from the Hon. General Secretary (A.I. Moffat, Three Elms, Woodlands Lane, Shorne, Gravesend, Kent, DA12 3HH). Members are urged to encourage friends and colleagues, interested in archaeology/history, to join the Society. Young people (under 21 years) are offered a much reduced membership fee.
4. Subscriptions are due on the lst of January each year and should be paid only to the Hon. Membership Secretary. It would be a great convenience if members could pay their subscriptions by banker’s order. Members who do not pay by this means are requested to settle their subscriptions promptly. (A notice of renewal is enclosed in the Winter edition of the newsletter). The benefits of membership will be withheld from any member whose sub-scription is more than three months overdue. Details of subscription rates and payment by banker’s order may be obtained from the Hon. Membership Secretary, to whom any change of address or error in published lists of members should be notified. (Mrs. S. Broomfield, 8 Woodview Crescent, Hildenborough, Tonbridge, Kent, TN11 9HD.)
5. Legacies have contributed much to the strength and independence of the Society. The Hon. Treasurer would be pleased to hear from any member who would like to bequeath money or other assets. Additional contributions in the form of donations, including those for particular activities of the Society, are also very welcome and should be sent to the Hon. Treasurer (R.G. Thomas, 1 Abchurch Yard, Abchurch Lane, London, EC4N 7BA).
6. The Society’s room at Maidstone Museum is open to members who wish to consult its reference library. (It is essential to bring your membership card.) Enquiries should be addressed to the Hon. Librarian (F.H. Panton, Grove End, Tunstall, Sittingbourne, Kent ME9 8DY).
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the permission of the Kent Archaeological Society.
CONTENTS
List of Officers and members of Council vii-viii; Editorial Personnel viii
PAGE
1. The Tanners of Wrotham Manor 1400-1600.
By Jayne Semple . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. The Medieval site at Well Wood, Aylesford.
By Brian Philp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3. The poor of Otham and nearby parishes: the Coxheath Poor House. By Hugh Vaux . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
4. Archaeological investigations at Middle Stoke on the Hoo Peninsula. By Richard James . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5. Charing Clocks, Clockmakers and Clock-keepers (Part II).
By Chris H. K. Williams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
6. The Roman Villa at Minster in Thanet. Part 3: The Corridor House, Building 4. By Keith Parfitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7. A Directory of Medical Personnel qualified and practising in the Diocese of Canterbury, c. 1560-1730.
By Ian Mortimer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8. The Roman road from Sutton Valence to Ashford: evidence for an alternative route to that proposed by Margary.
By Neil Aldridge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9. Anglo-Saxon building techniques: Quoins of twelve Kentish Churches reviewed. By John F. Potter . . . . . .
10. A Prehistoric ‘Burnt Mound’ site at Crabble Paper Mill, near Dover. By Keith Parfitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
11. St Radegund’s Abbey – a re-assessment of the Abbey Church. By M. C. J. Davis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
12. Welfare provision in seventeenth-century Kent: a look at Biddenden and neighbouring parishes.
By Anthony Poole . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
13. Prehistoric maritime traffic in the Dover Strait and Wantsum: some thoughts as to the vessels and their crews. By Dave Perkins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
14. Interim Reports on recent work carried out by the Canterbury Archaeological Trust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15. The Archangel Gabriel’s Stone and other Relics: William Haute’s search for Salvation in fifteenth-century Kent. By Sheila Sweetinburgh . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
16. Canterbury’s 1844 Archaeological Congress.
By Paul Ashbee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
17. A Late Iron-Age/Early Roman site at Bredgar, near Sitting-bourne. By Damien C. Boden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18. Researches and Discoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A Prehistoric flint-working site at Berengrave Nursery, Rainham . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Double Tides in the Wantsum - Fact or Fiction?. . . . . .
Excavations at the Anglo-Saxon Cemetery Site at Guilton Mill, Ash-next-Sandwich . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Towards a plan of Dartford Priory and the Tudor Manor
An Early Tudor Kiln at Lamb’s Cross, Chart Sutton . .
Edward Cresy, F.S.A.: A Kentish Architect . . . . . . . . . .
19. Reviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Keith Parfitt, Kent in Prehistoric Times . . . . . . . . . . . .
Elizabeth Edwards, The North Downs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Colin Andrews, Iwade: Occupation of a North Kent Village from the Mesolithic to the Medieval Period .
Jennifer Ward, The 1258-9 Special Eyre of Surrey and Kent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sheila Sweetinburgh, Assembly places and practices in medieval Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
David Killingray, Tonbridge’s Industrial Heritage . . . .
Elizabeth Edwards, A Market Town and its Surrounding Villages: Cranbrook, Kent in the Later Seventeenth Century . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mary Berg, The Archbishop’s Town. The Making of Medieval Croydon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Catherine Richardson, Gold and Gilt, Pots and Pins, Possessions and People in Medieval Britain . . . . . .
Peter Draper, Edward Cresy 1792-1858. Architect and Civil Engineer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Duncan Harrington, The West Kent Probate Index. Wills Administrations for all courts and peculiars in the Diocese of Rochester 1750-1858 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Living in Kent, a family history 1289-1900 . . . . . . . . .
20. Obituary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21. Notes on the Contributors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
22. Annual Report and Accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23. Committees of the Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
24. List of New Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
25. Notes for Guidance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
26. General Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1
27
49
71
87
115
135
171
185
219
239
257
279
295
311
331
345
345
361
375
375
381
391
393
398
399
409
409
411
412
415
416
417
419
421
422
423
425
426
427
429
431
438
439
443
445
KENT ARCHAEOLOGICAL SOCIETY
officers and members of the council, 1st january 2006
President
C. R. POUT, b.a., m.a.
Patrons
THE LORD ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY
THE RIGHT HON. THE LORD NORTHBOURNE
THE VISCOUNT DE L’ISLE, m.b.e.
F. HULL, b.a., ph.d., d.litt., f.r.hist.s.
R. H. HISCOCK, ll.b., f.s.a.
J. THIRSK, c.b.e., m.a., ph.d., d.litt., f.b.a.
P. ASHBEE, m.a., d.litt., f.s.a.
P. H. G. DRAPER, b.sc., ph.d., d.i.c., f.r.s.c., m.inst.p., c.phys.
Vice-Presidents
C. W. CHALKLIN, m.a., b.litt., litt.d., f.r.hist.s.
MISS E. MELLING, b.a.
F. H. PANTON, c.b.e., ph.d.
J. WHYMAN, b.sc.(econ.), ph.d., m.c.i.p.d.
Honorary Editor
T. G. LAWSON, m.a.(cantab), dip.kent hist.
102 Lower Vicarage Road, Kennington, Ashford, TN24 9AP
Honorary General Secretary
A. I. MOFFAT
Three Elms, Woodlands Lane, Shorne, Gravesend, DA12 3HH
Honorary Treasurer
R. G. THOMAS, m.a., f.c.a.
1 Abchurch Yard, Abchurch Lane, London, EC4N 7BA
Honorary Librarian
F. H. PANTON, c.b.e., ph.d.
Grove End, Tunstall, Sittingbourne, ME9 8DY
Honorary Membership Secretary
MRS. S. B. BROOMFIELD, f.s.a.
8 Woodview Crescent, Hildenborough, Tonbridge, TN11 9HD
Honorary Excursions Secretary
MRS. J. M. SAYNOR, m.a.
Friars, 28 High Street, Shoreham, Sevenoaks, TN14 7TD
Honorary Curator
M. C. W. STILL, ph.d.
4 Winifred Road, Dartford, DA1 3BL
Elected Members of the Council
D. G. Anstey Snodland
D. Bacchus Rochester
D. A. H. Cleggett, b.a. Maidstone
E. P. Connell New Ash Green
J. M. Gibson, ph.d. Maidstone
P. A. Harlow Rochester
R. C. Higgs Weald
Mrs M. T. Lawrence East Peckham
R. F. LeGear, m.a.a.i.s., a.i.f.a. Ashford
A. F. Richardson, b.a., m.phil., ph.d. Dover
C. P. Ward Otford
Editorial Personnel
Honorary Editor Terence Lawson
(editor@kentarchaeology.org.uk)
Book Reviews Editor Dr Elizabeth Edwards
School of History
Rutherford College,
The University of Kent, CT2 7NX
(E.C.Edwards@ukc.ac.uk)