~rchreologia ILUVIO ERll'lU:,;'l' ET CONSEIWANT. rms SANE
OPEROSA, BED MOR'.CALIBUS URATA E'l' CUM REVEUEN'.CIA QUADAM CON·
JUNCTA."
., AN'rJQUI'rrns, OR REMNANTS OF IIIS'l'ORY, ARE, AS WAS SAID, TANQUAM
'l'ABUL./El NAUFRAOll j Wl!l>N INDUSTRIOUS PERSONS, BY AN EXACT AND
SCRUPULOUS l>ILIGENCE AND OBSERVA'fION, ou·r OF MONUMENTS, NAMES,
WORDS, PROVERBS. 'J.'RADl'l'ION8, PlUVA'l'E RECORDS AND EVIDENCES, FRAG·
MENTS OF S'l'ORIES, PASSAGES QI,' BOOKS THA'r CONCERN NOT STORY, AND
THE LIKl!:, DO SAVE AND RECOVER 80~1EWHAT FROM THE DELUGE OF
TDIE."-Adumef, in the fourteenth century. Only one original Norman
window remains; it is in the north wall of the nuve. L:1.ter windows have
replaced those of the chancel and south wall of the nave. The principal feature
of interest in the church is the arcade, of three arches, which supports the east
wall of the nave, and serves for a chancel-screen. '!'his was inserted in the
fourteenth century, and no doubt succeeded a narrow Norman chanoel-aroh, in
PROCEEDINGS, 1892.
the same position. The Norman mat.erial is chiefly Ca.en-stone ; that of the
screen-arcade and of the later windows is Kentish rag. Between the heads of
the arches of the arcade there are grotesque corbel-heads, which at one time
can-ied the brackets of n wooden rood-loft. Above the central n.rch, standing on
the level of the rood-loft, is a round-arched opening in the wall, which at first
sight might be taken for Norman work. A closer examination proves that the
wall was pierced and the arch inserted when the arcade was made. This upper
arch is of two orders; the outer order plain-chamfered ; the inner 01·der hollowchamfered;
both chamfers being dagger-stopped. 'rhe outer order is all of
chalk, once • painted, The jambs of the inner order are of Caen-stone, the
squared blocks clearly shewing the diagonal axe-marks, except on the hollow
chamfer. They must have come from the destroyed Norman chancel-arch.
These jambs rest upon rude bases of Kentish rag. 'J:he voussoirs likewise are of
Kentish rag, excepting the three voussoirs at the crown, which nre of re-used
Caeu-stone. Tha purpose of this arch, in the minds of the builders, is obvious :
it was meant to form a frame, so to speak, for the rood, its width and consequent
round head being necessary to allow room fol' the figures of St. John and
the Virgin, one on each side of the rood. The total height of the opening is
6 feet; the span is 5½ feet.
A horizont{l.l line drawn just above the head of the Norman window in the
north wall of the nave would give the height of the Norman interior. Continued
eastwards this line would run just under a singular triangular window at
the east end of the wall, made when the wall was raised. The purpose of this
window was to give light to the gospellcr reading from the rood-loft. The whole
of these re-armugements were probably carried out at one and the same time.
Inside the south door thClre is something in the \Vall which possibly marks the
position of a stoup for holy water. In the chanoel are a curious sedile and
a piscina.
On the outside, the lines which mark the mising of the walls are clearly
visible, all round the building. The original quoins are instructive : the lower
quoin-stones are huge blocks of a purple-coloured ferrnginous sandstone, while
above them appear well-sqnared and J>l'Operly-faced Caen-stone quoins. The
change of material does not necessarily meau difference of dn.te ; it more 1wobably
marks the introduction of the Caen-stone into the country. The sandstone
seems to have been brought over from the coast near Hastings. The
flint-walling is cha1·acteristic.
On the proposition of W. H. B. Rosher, Esq., a cordial vote of
thanks was given to Mr. George Payne £or the admirable arrangements
he had made for the instruction, pleasure, and comfort of
members during the Meeting, to the Rev. G. M. Livett for his
interesting descriptions, and to the Rev. Waterman GardnerWaterman
for his excellent arrangements counected with the
carriages.
A charming drive to Dover, along the Folkestone road, within
view of the Channel, brought the Annual Meeting of 1892 to a
pleasant termination.
The Council met on September
Rooms at the Maidstone Museum.
and nine members attended.
29th, 1892, in the Society's
'l'he Earl Stanhope presided,
The following votes of t hanks, in connection with the Dover
Meeting, were unanimously passed :-
To the Mayor and Corporation of Dover, for the use of their
Municipal Buildings.
VOL. XX, d
xlii PROCEEDING~ 189~
To the Mayor (Sir William Crandall), for kindly hospitality at
the Town Hall.
To Major-General Lord William Seymout·, Colonel O'Brien,
Canon Puckle, the Rev. A. i\1. Collett, Rev. G. M'. Livett, the President
and Council of Dover College, Dr. Astley, Rev. J. C. W.
Valpy, Rev. John Turnbull, Mr. Alderman Fry (who kindly issued
the Meeting tickets), and Mr. Loftus Brock, F.S.A., for much
valuable help and hearty co-operation; :1lso to the Rev. W. GardnerWaterman
for superintending the carriage arrangements.
After due discussion, it was resolved to hold the next Annual
Meeting at Edenbridge.
Votes of thanks were passed for the following gifts to the
Society's LibrlLry :-
To the Rev. J. Cave-Browne for his Boxley l?a1·isli.
To J. F. Wadmore, Esq., for a volume of Kentiah Plays; and
for three volumes of the Camden Society's Publications.
To mchard Cooke, Esq., for the .Llnglo-Saxon Poems of Beowulf.
To A. D. Weld French, Esq., for his Index .Llrmorial.
To Lieut.-Geueral Pitt-Rivers, F.R.S., for his Excavations in
Bolcerly Dylce and Wansdylce, vol. iii.
A special vote of thanks was passed to Algernon Brent, Esq.,
for his handsome donation of Five Pounds towards the Illustration
Fund, Mr. Brent accompanying his gift with expressions of pleasure
at the receipt of the Index Volume of .Ll.rcltceologia Oantiana.
A special vote of tbaaks was passed to Dr. Astley on his relinquishing
the office of Honorary Loral Secretary for tbe Dover
district, after thirty years' valuable service to the Society.
E. W. l!'ry, Esq., of St. Martin's Honse, Dover, was unanimously
elected to fill the vacant office.
The Honorary Secretary reported that he had drawn the attention
of the military authorities at Chatham to the fact that discoveries
of' antiquities had been made during the construction of
tlie forts, in the 'fhn,uies and Medway divisions, and that the objects
had been removed without the knowledge of the War Department.
He appealed to Lieut.-General Goodenoug11, C.B., then in command,
to intercede that it should not occur again, at the same time
lLsking that information might in future be sent to the Society's
Secretary of any future discoveries. All this having been most
carefully and systematically carried out by General Goodenough,
it was uuanimouRly rt•solved that a special vote of thanks be
accorded to him for his valuable assistance, and that he be presented
with a copy of the Eleventh Volume of A.rchreolo,qia Oantiana,
and a bound copy of the Catalogue of the Society's Museum,
The Honorary Secretay reported that, during buildmg operations
connected with the Mathematical School at Rochester, the
no1-th tower of the ancient east-gate of the city had been laid bare.
This he had, at the request of the Mayor of Rochester, opened up
to a considerable extent, revealing the massive foundations of an
earlier tower. Having suggested the desirability of keeping this
interesting landmark of ancient Rochester permanently exposed,
PROCEEDI NGS, 1892. xliii
by means of a subway, it bad been intimated to him that the Corporation
might be disposed to adopt the suggestion if half tl1e cost
of the work could be obtained elsewhere. The Council therefore
resolved that Five Pounds be voted towards the fund in the event
of such a scheme being carried out.
A. letter was read from the Rev. G. M. Livett, to the effect that
Malling Abbey had been sold to Miss Boyd £or the residence of a
Close Sisterhood of the Anglican Church, and, as alterations were
contemplated, he suggested that an expert be appointed to measure
up the existing building before anything was done. This was
referred to the Honorary Secretary, who was directed to make
further inquiries.
A letter was read from the Rev. W. Gardner-Waterman with
reference to the desecration of the ruined Church of the Blessed
Virgin Mary at West Hythe, which was referred to Mr. George
Wilks.
Seven new members were elected.
The Council met on December 22nd, 1892, in the Cathedral
Library at Canterbury, by the kindly permission of the Dean and
Chapter. Canon W. A. Scott Robertson presided, nnd seven other
members were present. The Honorary Secretary submitted his
proposed Programme of the next Annual Meeting to be held at
Edenbridge, which was agreed to.
C. W. Powell, Esq., J.P., of Speldhurst, was unanimously
elected a member of the Council, in room of the Rev. E. H. Lee,
deceased.
Thanks were voted to George Wilks, Esq., £or having given to
the Society's Library his books, Tlie Bcwons of tlie Cinque Ports and
The Early History of Hythe, part i.
The Honorary Secretary had issued the following private
circular to the members of the Council, explanatory of this question
upon the agenda paper : " Can anything be done towa1·ds the protection
of tbe ancient monuments in Kent, and the preservation in
Borough Museums of antiquities which may in future be found in
the County ?" :-
T:aE PRECINCT, RocHESTBR.
December rn, 1892.
DlM.R Sm,
It seems to me that some special effort should be made, by the Corporate
Towns possessing Museums in Kent, t-o arrest the ontgoing of the antiquities
and other objects of local interest which are consmntly being brought to light.
The magnificent Collections foi·med by the late Bryan Faussett from East Kent
passed away to Liverpool, the Gibbs Collection to S. Kensington, the Gold
Treasures from Faversham are in half-a-dozen hands, and my own Collection is
a.t the British. Museum, having been declined by the town of Sittingbourne as a
free gift.
I propose to bring the matter before the Council of the Kent .A.rchreological
Society on Thursday, asking the Society to initiate it, and at the same time to
xliv PROCEEDINGS, 1892.
offer myself for the work if an adequate remuneration could be ensured. The
following ideas have suggested themselves to me as u~eful aml practicable:-
1. Examine periodically the historic monuments of ea.eh distrir.t and report
on their condition and advise as to their preservation.
2. To assist the Mnseum authorities to acquire the antiquities discovered
around each centre.
3. To advise as to the arrangement of Collections with a view to making
them more educational.
4, To conduct researches when called upon to do so.
5. To explore the districts and supply archreological maps with the results
marked thereon, and record the same in A.rchOJologia Cantiana.
6. To give lectures occasionally in the Museums if necessary.
'l. To organize Public 11:eetings and Conversa.zioni once or twice a year in
each Museum with a view to their popularization.
I venture to hope that if this matter were brought under the notice of the
Corporate 'l'owns in Kent, where museums already exist 01· are likely to bo
established, they would each contribute towards the annual cost of so valuable a
work, of which they would reap, to a large extent, the benefit.
I aru,
Yours faithfully,
GEORGE .PAYNE.
Mr. Payne stated that, during a conversation with the noble
President, he (Mr. Payne) had mentioned that if the Society could
vote £50 per annum towards the stipend of an Inspector, the
Corporate 'l'owns where museums exist might be asked to contribute
£,100 more per annum.
The following letter from the noble President was read:-
OnnvENlNG, SEVENOAKS.
December 15, 1892.
DEAR MR. PAYNE,
I am sorry that, owing to the late hour of the meeting, I cannot attend
the next Counoil meeting at Canterbury. I should be glad to see an Inspector
of Antiquities appointed for the County to assist in further explorations and to
aid in the enumeration of new collections.
If the Boroughs of the County would co-operate in the scheme and would
contribute £100 or £150 a year, there would be no person more fitting for the
appointment than yourself. I think that in any case the Kent Archreological
Society would be very ready to augment your salary by £100 a year.
'With regard to the sale of surplus copies of Arclueologia Cantiana, there
can be no doubt that you should have authority to dispose of them at the rate
of 10s. a volume.
GEORGE PAYNE, EsQ., F.S . .A..
Yours very faithfully,
STANHOPE.
Letters more or less favouring the scheme had been received
from Mr. Leveson-Gower, Lieut.-Colonel Hartley, Mr. Samuel
Mercer, and Mr. Wadmore.
After due deliberation the subject was adjourned £or consideration
at the next Council Meeting.
'!.'he Chairman left, with Messrs. Boodle and Arnold, £or an early
train, at this stage of the proceedings, when the Archdeacon of
Maidstone took the Chair.
The subject 0£ excavations at Richborough was postponed.
PROCEEDINGS, 1892-3. xlv
It was resolved that in future the stock of back volumes of
A.rch<.eologia Oantiana may be sold to members at the rate of ten
shillings per volume, as there was so little call for them at the
price of fifteen shillings hitherto charged to members who had not
originally subscribed for the back volume desired.
The Council met on March 25th, 1893, at Maidstone. Eleven
members were present, presided over by the Earl Stanhope.
Charles Boyce, Esq., M.D., was elected Honorary Local Secretary
for the Maidstone District, vice Mr. F. Bunyard resigned.
The subject of the Preservation of Antiquities and the Protection
of Ancient Monuments in Kent, whicn was adjourned at the
last meeting, was further discussed. The Honorary 8ec1'etary
explained that what l1e proposed to offer to do for the county was
beyond the duties included in the Honorary Secretaryship, and it
was for this additional work that he asked to be remunerated. The
noble President read a draft letter, which he had prepared in connection
with the scheme, to be sent to the Kentish Boroughs. The
matter was debated in the absence of the Honorary Secretary.
On being recalled to the room he was informed that the Council
had resolved that the following Jetter should be lithographed aud
sent, as soon as completed, to the Mayors of all the Boroughs in
Kent.
CID>VENING, SEVENOAKS.
Marek 27, 1893.
Sm,
The Council of the Kent Archreological Society, in the interest and
furtherance of Antiquarian Research, have the honour to ask your co-operation
for the following object.
It apJJears to them very desimble that a competent Inspecf;or should be
appointed for the County, who should have full knowledge of its Antiquities
and Archreological History.
Such an Inspector could, if invited, very well become responsible in advising
as to the pre~ervation of Ancient Monuments and Buildings, and as to undertaking
fresh explorations. He could also n-.ssist as to the arrangement and
Cataloguing of New or of existing Museums, and could deliver Lectures on
Local Archreology.
The Council of the Kent Arcbroological Society are prepared to recommend
the Society to make a yearly contribution of £50 out of their funds for this
object, provided that the County Boroughs will meet them with an annual grant
in the whole of not less than One Hundred Pounds. The present Secretary of
the Society, Mr. George Payne (Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries), poosesses
adequate experience and full knowledge, and is ready to undertuke such duties.
If you are willing to make a contribution toward~ this proposal out of your
Public Library, Museum Fund, or County Technical Education Grant, your
Corporo.tion would be entitled to the services of the County Inspector, and
would receive all future volumes of the Lfrclue,ologia Oantiana.
The Council of the Kent Archroological Society trust that you will have the
goodness to take this matter into your favourable consideration, and will kindly
let me have a reply at an early opportunity.
I have the honour to be, Sir,
Your obedient Servant,
His W 01•ship
The Mayo1· of --
STANHOPE,
P1•e$i.de11t K. A. Society,
xlvi PROCEEDI NGS, 1893.
It was resolved to insure the property of the Society which
might at any time be in the hands of the printers at £300.
The Honorary ~ecretary was permitted to make use of certain
wood blocks with which to illustrate his Gollectanett Oantittna.
The following works were ordered to be subscribed for :-Cowper's
Oanterbwry lJ'larriage Licences; Duncan's Lewiskam Church;
l!'ielding's Memories of .Malling.
A vote of thanks was accorded to Sir John Evans, K.C.B., for
his v11,luable gift of Richborougb coins from the Rolfe Collection.
Nine new members were elected.
The Council met on June 27th in London, at the house of the
noble President, in Grosvenor Place. The Earl Stanhope J!resided,
and there were fourteen members present.
ThP, Programme (in proof) of the Annual Meeting to be held at
Eden bridge in July was approved.
The Earl 1::ltanbope was elected a Trustee of the Society, vice
Lord Brabourne, deceased.
Replies from several of the Boroughs were read with reference
to the appointment of an I nspector of Antiquities for the County,
to the effect that they were unable to vote any funds for such a
purpose. After some discussion, it was moved by Mr. A. A.
Arnold, seconded by Canon Scott Robertson, and carried, " That
the Council, having heard the replies from the Boroughs respecting
the appointment of a County Inspector, much regret that tliey can
take no further action in the matter."
It was resolved that the sums received from Life Compounders
for membership, amounting to £100, shall forthwith be invested in
Consols.
It was re1mlved to subscribe twenty guineas towards tbe fund
being raised for the purch11se of the Roman castrum at Rieb borough.
'!'he Honorary Secretary laid upon the table the account of the
Stock of ArchaJologia Ottntittna at Maidstone, (not including copies
in the hands of local Secretaries,) 11s follows :-
No. of Volume.
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.
X.
XI.
XCI.
XIII.
XIV. xv.
XVI.
XVII.
XVIII.
XIX.
'rota!
Royal Quarto.
None.
l
l
2
2
1
3
10
Large Octavo. Octavo.
None. None.
31
11
1 4.,6
7 49
15 35
13 98
12 117
15 53
13 38
7 7
8 17
2 80
5 29
7 25
15 56
18 51
14 116
142 809
REPORT, 1893. xlvii
A vote of thanks was passed to the Rev. 0. A. Molony, for his
gift to the Library of Simson's Historic Tlianet.
Three new members were ele..:ted.
The .Annual Meeting of the Society commenced at Edenbridge
on Tuesday, Jnly 25th, 1893. The Business Meeting was held in
the Ocldfellows' Hall, the noble President in the Ohair.
The Report was rend by the Honorary Secretary (George
Payne, Esq.) as follows:-
REPORT.
To-day, for the first time since its foundation, the Society visits Eden bridge;
a locality full of interest, and especially rich in un-restored examples of aucient
domestic architecture. It is hoped that the visit or the Society on this occasion
to some of these old houses may induce the owners to take steps to arrest the
progress of their decay, so that they may stand for many long years 11s valunble
illustrations of the architecture of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as
applied to the dwellings of the yeomen of the Weald at that period.
In presenting this, the Thirty-sixth Annual Report, the Council with much
pleasure draw attention to the continued prosperity of the Society. The Council
have, however, to announce with the deepest regret the deaths during the past
year of two of its distinguisbed Vice-Presidents, the Earl of Derby and the Lord
Brabourne, the latter being 11,lso one of the Society's Trustees.
Other valued members have passed away. Since the last, Annual Meeting
twenty-seven new members have been elected. The Society now numbers
eight hundred and seventy-two members, while twelve await election at your
hands to-day.
Members will be gratified to learn that at the last meeting of the Council
the Earl Stanhope, the noble President, consented to act as a Trustee of the
Society in the room of Lord Brabournc, deceased.
The Council having heard with gratification of a scheme for the purchase
of the celebrated Roman castrum at Richborough, recently voted the sum of
twenty guineas towards the fund, which still needs about £300 to con1plete
the purchase. The spirited manner in which the whole iuatter has been taken
up renders the final protection and preservation of this grand nationa,J monument
an absolute certainty,
It is anticipated that· in the course of the next three or four months the
Twentieth Volume of .4.·rdireolury.
Six new members were elected.
